March 2002

BIOLOGY Answers

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1. càmÀ_pZw Fó tcmKw _m[n-¡p-ó-Xn\v Hcp ImcWw AWp-hn-In-cWw Gð¡p-ó-Xm-Wv.

2. Hcm-fpsS knw]-X-änIv hyhØ Dt¯-Pn-¡-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ Abm-fpsS I®nse IrjvW-aWn hnI-kn-¡p-óp.

3. Hcp sNSn-bnð FYn-ensâ Dev]m-Z\w XS-Ê-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp. CXv B sNSn-bpsS ^ew ]mI-am-Ið Fó {]hÀ¯-\s¯ _m[n-¡p-óp.

4. Hcn-e-bnð 70000 In.-I-temdn kutcmÀÖw ]Xn-¡p-óp-sh-ón-cn-¡-s«. B DuÀÖ-¯nð 700 In.-I-temdn AXp kwtÇ-jn-¡pó Blm-c-¯nð kw`-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-óp.

5. ]nXmhv Rh+ Dw amXmhv Rh- Bbp-ff amXm-]n-Xm-¡-fpsS Ipªp-§Ä¡mWv " Fcn-t{Xm-»m-tÌm-knkv ^näm-enkv' Fó tcmK-apï-m-Ip-hm-\p-ff km[y-X-bp-f-f-Xv.

6. a\p-jy-t\-{X-¯nse ZrjvSn-]-S-e-¯nse Hcp _nµphmWv AÔ-_n-µp. AXnð tdmUp-Ifpw tIm¬Ifpw hfsc Ipd-hm-Wv.

7. km[m-cW hmep-IÄ DÅ P´p-¡Ä Nne-t¸mÄ hmep-IÄ Cñm-¯- Ip-ªp-§sf {]k-hn-¡m-dpï-­v. CXn\v ImcWw Dð¸-cn-hÀ¯\w BImw.

8. ssS^kv ^oh-dn\p ImcWw dn¡-ävkntb BWv.

9. I®nð \nópw I®p-\oÀ \mtkm- em-{In-að UIväv Fó Ipgenð IqSn \mkm-K-lz-c-¯nð F¯n-t¨-cp-óp.

10. Hcp {Kmw sImgp-¸n-sâbpw 1 {Kmw amwky-¯n-tâbpw 1 {Kmw [m\y-I¯ntâbpw HmIvko-I-cWw aqew 18 In.-I-temdn Xm]w Dï­m-Ip-óp.

11. Hc-]-I-S-¯nðs¸«v Hcm-fpsS Xe-t¨m-dnsâ skdn-s_ñw Fó `mK-¯n\v tISv kw`-hn-

¨-Xp-aqew AbmÄ¡v t\tc \S¡póXn\pff Ignhp \jvSs¸«p.

12. sktdm-tSm-Wn³ Fó tlmÀtam¬ {khn-¡p-óXv ]o\n-bð{K-Ùn-bm-Wv.

13. Pohn-IfpsS hÀ¤o-I-c-W-¯nð hnhn[ tKm{X-§Ä IqSn-t¨Àóv Hcp- KWw BIp-óp.

14. s]cn-bmÀ tZio-b-]mÀ¡v apJy-ambpw ISph kwc-£-W-¯n\pt±in-¨p-f-f-Xm-Wv.

15. A B

(a) Rc-¼p-ho¡w þ dn^vfIvkpIÄ kmh[m\w

(b) £bw þ càw IeÀó I^w.

(c) tImfd þ ico-c-¯nð \nópw Pe-\-jvSw.

(d) a´v þ eknIm hmln-\n-bnð XS-kw.

(e) t]hn-j-_m[ þ Iogv¯m-Sn-bpsS XfÀ¨

(f) aª-¸n¯w þ I®nsâ aª-\n-dw.

16. a²y-IÀ®s¯ {Kk-\n-bp-ambn _Ôn-¸n-¡pó Ipg-emWv bqtÌ-¡n-\m-fn. Cu \mfn

IÀW-]-S-¯nsâ Ccp-h-i-¯p-ap-ff hmbp-aÀ±w Xpe-\-s¸-Sp-¯p-ó-Xn\v klm-bn-¡p-óp.

17. Pe-¯n-se-¯pó tkm¸p-t]m-ep-ff hkvXp-¡Ä IqSp-Xð A]-I-S-Im-cn-I-fm-Wv. Ah

Pe-¯nsâ D]cn-X-e-aÀ±-¯nð amäw hcp-¯p-Ibpw HmIvkn-Ps\ \ne-\nÀ¯m-\p-ff

Pe-¯nsâ tijw Ipd-bv¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp. Ah ssPh-h-kvXp-¡sf hnL-Sn-¸n-

¡pó _mIvSo-cn-b-§-fpsS hfÀ¨sb XS-Ê-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw ]X Dï­m-Im³ Imc-W-am-

Ip-Ibpw sN¿p-óp. Cu hkvXp-¡Ä aÕy-§Ä¡pw Pe-k-ky-§Ä¡pw amc-I-am

Wv.

18. `qap-J¯v {]Xy-£-s¸« BZys¯ Poh-h-kvXp-hmWv \yq¢n-tbm-t{]m-«o-\p-IÄ . \yq¢n-

tbm-t{]m-«o-\p-IÄ¡v aäv kwbp-à-§Ä¡n--ñm¯ Hcp hnin-jvS-kz-`m-h-apï-­v.

AXn\v kzbw Cc-«n-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡pw. eLp-Po-h-cq-]-§-fmb Po\p-Ifpw sshd-kp-

Ifpw \yq¢n-tbm-t{]m-«o-\p-I-fm-Wv.

19. tcmKn-bpsS ico-c-¯nð Ip¯n-h-¨ kqNn-bnð tcmKm-Wp-¡Ä Dï­m-bn-cn¡pw. AtX

kqNn asäm-cm-fpsS ico-c-¯nð Ip¯n-h-bv¡m³ D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-t¼mÄ tcmKm-Wp-¡Ä

Abm-fpsS ico-c-¯nð {]th-in-¡p-óp. AXp-sImï­v Hcn-¡ð am{Xw D]-tbm-Kn-¡m-

hpó Xcw kndn-ôp-IÄ sImï­v Ip¯n hbv¡m³ {i²n-¡-Ww.

20. ]£m-LmXw {][m-\-ambpw cï­v Imc-W-§Ä sImï­mWv Dï­m-Ip-ó-Xv.

(1) skdn-{_ð t{Xmwt_m-knkv

(2) skdn-{_ð sla-tdPv

21. HmIvkn-tSm¬ Nne arZpe t]in-I-fp-sS, {]tXy-In¨pw KÀ`m-i-b-¯nsâ DÄ`n-¯n-bn-

ep-ff t]in-I-fpsS kt¦mNw hÀ²n-¸n-¡p-óp. AXn-\mð CXv {]k-h-{In-b-bnð Hcp

{][m\ ]¦p hln-¡p-óp.

22. {]mY-anI D]-t`m-àm-¡Ä

B\, ]pð¨m-Sn.

23. {]Imiw Fó D±o-]-\-t¯mSv \½psS ico-c-¯nsâ {]Xn-I-cWw Imc-W-amWv I®p-

IÄ AS-bp-ó-Xv. CsXmcp dn^vfIvkv {]hÀ¯-\-am-Wv.

24. ss^te-dn-bð hnc-sbóp t]cp-ff Hcp ]cm-Z-amWv a´v tcmK-¯n\v Imc-Ww.

IyqseIvkv hÀ¤-¯nðs¸« s]¬sIm-Xp-Ip-I-fmWv Cu tcmKw hym]n-¸n-¡p-ó-Xv.

ico-c-¯nð {]th-in-¡pó sNdnb hnc-IÄ ekoIm hmln-\n-I-fnð XS-Ê-§Ä

krjvSn-¡p-óp. eknI sI«n-\nð¡p-ó-Xn-\mð Ime-{I-a-¯nð Cu`mK§Ä XSn¨p

hoÀ¡p-óp. ssIIfpw Imep-I-fp-amWv km[m-c-W-bmbn C§s\ XSn¨p hoÀ¡p-ó-Xv.

25. ¹mÌnIv ssPh-hn-L-S-\-¯n\v hnt[-b-am-Ip-ón-ñ. CXns\ \nÀtZm-j-h-kvXp-hm¡n

amäp-óXv Ffp-¸-ap-ff Imcy-a-ñ. AXn-\mð Ch hym]-I-amb aen-\o-I-c-W¯n\v Imc- W-am-Ip-óp.

26. XnI¨pw ]cn-an-X-amb Xcw-K-ssZÀLy-ap-ff i_vZ-X-cw-K-§sf am{Xta a\p-jy-IÀ®-

¯n\v {ihn¡m³ Ign-bp-I-bp-f-fq. AÄ{Sm-tkm-Wn-¡v, C³{^m-tkm-Wn¡v Fónh

a\p-jy\v {imhy-a-ñ. a\p-jysâ sNhn-¡pS sNdpXpw AN-e-hp-am-b-Xn-\mð i_vZ-X-

cw-K-§sf A[nIw tiJ-cn¨v sNhn-¡p-f-fn-te¡v IS-¯p-hm³ Ign-bp-I-bn-ñ.

27. Hcp kwJym-]n-c-an-Unsâ apI-fn-tebv¡v t]mIp-t´mdpw Pohn-I-fnsS hen¸w IqSp-Ibpw F®w Ipdbp-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.

1000 Kg ]pñv Xnóp Pohn-¡pó kky-`p-¡p-I-fpsS ico-c-

`m-c-¯n-epï-­m-Imhpó hÀ²-\hv 100 Intem-{Kmapw C{Xbpw amwkw `£n-¡pó

Fñm amwk-`p-¡p-I-fp-sSbpw ico-c-`m-c-¯n-epï-­m-Im-hpó ]c-am-h[n hÀ²-\hv 10

Intem-{Km-apw B-Wv. 1000 Intem-{Km-am-bn-cpó Poh-Ie 10 Intem-{Km-ambn Ipd-ªp.

C¯-c-¯n-ep-ff Ipd-hns\ kqNn-¸n-¡m³ Poh-im-kv{X-Ú-òmÀ D]-tbm-Kn-¡póXmWv kwJym-]n-c-an-Up-IÄ.

28. Hcp \mUo-b- B-thKw BIvskm-ssW-änsâ A{K-¯n-epÅ {]okn-\m-]vänIv apg-bn-se-

¯p-t¼mÄ AXnð \nópw Ak-änðsIm-fn³ Fó Hcp cmk-hkvXp kn\m-]vän¡v hnS-

hn-tebv¡v {khn-¡-s¸-Sp-óp. CXv sXm«-Sp¯ \yqtdm-Wnsâ sU³ss{U-äns\ Dt¯-Pn-¸n-¡pó cmk-t{]-j-I-§-fm-Wv.

CXp ImcWw Hcp \mUo Bth-K-¯n\v Hcp BIvk-ssW-änð \nópw Hcp sU³{U-än-te¡v am{Xta IS-¡p-hm³ Ign-bq.

29. ]pI-bn-e-bnð \nt¡m-«n³ Fó cmk-hkvXp AS-§n-bn-cn-¡p-óp. ]pI-bn-e-bnse

ImÀkn-t\m-P-\p-IÄ izmk-I-e-I-fnð Akz-Ø-Xbpw izmk-tIm-imÀ_p-Zhpw Dï­m-

¡p-óp. XpSÀ¨-bmbpff ]pI-h-en- lrt{Z-K-¯n-\pÅ km[yX hÀ²n-¸n-¡p-óp.

30. BIvkn\pIÄ kky ImWvU§fpsS hfÀ¨sb XzcnXs¸Sp¯póp.

ImWvU¯nsâ Hcp `mK¯v {]Imiw ]Xn¡pt¼mÄ BIvkn\pIÄ adp`mKt¯bv¡v

amdpóp. {]IminXamb `mK¯v BIvkn\pIÄ Ahtijn¨mð Ah

\njv{Inbambn¯ocpw.

Fómð ac§fpsS XWenð hfcpó sNSnIfnð

kqcy{]Imiw t\cn«v ]Xn¡m¯Xn\mð BIvkn\pIÄ ImcyIvjaambn

{]hÀ¯n¡pIIbpw XXv^eambn t\cn«v kqcy{]Imiw Gäphfcpó

sNSnItf¡mÄ s]m¡apffhbmbn XocpIbpw sN¿póp.

31. aqSð aªn-sâbpw ]pI-bp-sSbpw Hcp an{i-amWv ]pI-a-ªv. CXv A´-co-£s¯

taLm-hr-X-am-¡p-I-bpw, izmk-tImi tcmK-§Ä, a\w-]p-c-«ð, I®n\v Akz-ØX

Fón-hbv¡v Imc-W-am-Ip-Ibpw sN¿p-óp. XpSÀ¨-bmbn ]pI-aªp izkn¨mð izmk-

tIm-imÀºp-Z-a-S-¡-apÅ tcmK-§Ä Dïm-Im³ km[y-X-bpïv.

32. Fñm Pohn-Ifpw \ne-\n-ev¡m³ km[y-X-bp-Å-Xnepw IqSp-Xð k´m-\-§sf Dev]m-Zn-

¸n-¡p-óp. CXv kw`-hn-¡p-ón-S-t¯mfw Imew Ah X½nð Blm-c-¯n-\pw, ]mÀ¸n-S-

¯n\pw CW tNc-en\pw aäp Pohn-Xm-h-iy-§Ä¡pw thïn ISp¯ aÕcw \S-¡pw.

IqSmsX AXyp-jvWw, hcĨ XpS-§nb {]Xn-Iqe kml-N-cy-§Ä¡v FXn-scbpw

Ahbv¡v t]mcm-tSïn hcp-óp.

33. hnIn-c-W-§Ä D]-tbm-Kn¨p tcmK-§Ä NnIn-Õn-¡p-ó-Xns\ hnIn-cW NnInÕ Fóp

hnfn-¡p-óp.

\nb-{´n-X-amb Af-hn-epÅ hnIn-cWw Btcm-Ky-apÅ Ie-

IÄ¡v kmc-amb tZmjw sN¿msX tcmK-_m-[n-X-amb tImi-§sf \in-¸n-¡p-óp.

AÀºpZ NnInÕbv¡mWv hnIn-c-W-§Ä D]-tbm-Kn-¡m-dp-Å-Xv.

34. saUpe Ht»mw-tKä sXm«v \s«-ñnsâ Iogäw hsc F¯pó Xnf-¡-apÅ shfp¯

ZWvUmWv kpjp-av\.

kpjp-av\bv¡v 3 {][m\ [À½-§-fm-Wp-Å-Xv.

1. ico-c-¯nsâ hnhn-[ -`m-K-§-fnð \nópw hcpó Bth-K-§Ä Xe-t¨m-dn-tebv¡v

{]k-cn-¸n-¡p-óp.

2. Xe-t¨m-dnð \nópÅ t{]c-W-IÄ ico-c-¯nsâ hnhn[ `mK-§-fn-tebv¡v hym]n-

¡p-óXv kpjpav\-bn-eqsSbmWv.

3. dn^vfIvkv {]hÀ¯-\-¯nsâ apJy {]hÀ¯-\-L-S-I-ambn hÀ¯n-¡p-óp.

35. kky-§-tfbpw kky-P-\y-h-kvXp-¡-tfbpw Bl-cn-¡pó Pohn-bnð DuÀÖ-¯nsâ

`qcn-`m-Khpw Ne-\-¯n\pw ico-tcm-jvamhv \ne-\nÀ¯m\pw D]-tbm-Kn-¡-s¸-Sp-óp.

Blm-cs¯ ico-c-I-e-bm¡n amäp-ó-Xnð kky-§Ä IqSp-Xð Imcy-£-aX {]I-Sn-¸n-

¡p-óp. CXn\v ImcWw kô-cn-¡p-ó-Xn\pw icotcm-jvamhv \ne-\nÀ¯p-ó-Xn\pw

Ah DuÀÖw D]-tbm-Kn¡p-ón-ñ Fóp-Å-Xm-Wv.

36. cà-¯nse ¥qt¡m-knsâ km[m-c-W-tXmXv 80 - 20 mg / 100 ml BWv.

cà-¯nð ¥qt¡m-knsâ Af-hp-Ip-d-bp-t¼mÄ Ic-fnð

kw`-cn-¨n-cn-¡pó ss¥t¡m-Ps\ ¥qt¡m-km¡n amäp-hm³ klm-bn-¡pó tlmÀtam-

WmWv ¥q¡-tKm¬. C§s\ ¥q¡-tKm¬ cà-¯nð ¥qt¡m-knsâ tXmXv DbÀ¯p-

ó-Xn\v klm-bn-¡p-óp.

¥qt¡m-kns\ kw`-c-W-¯n-\mbn Ic-fnðh¨v ss¥t¡m-

P\pw sImgp-¸p-ambn amäpó {]hÀ¯\w Xzcn-X-s¸-Sp-¯p-I-sb-ó-XmWv C³kp-ensâ

{][m-\-s¸« {]hÀ¯\w. ¥q¡-tKm-Wn-sâbpw C³kp-en-sâbpw ]c-kv]-c-{]-hÀ¯\w

aqew cà-¯nð ¥qt¡m-knsâ Afhv km[m-cW \ne-bnð \ne-\n-dp-¯-s¸-Sp-óp.

37. Hcp hyàn-bpsS am\-kn-Im-tcm-Kys¯ kzm[o-\n-¡pó LS-I-§Ä ]e-Xm-Wv. `h-\m-

´-co-£w, IpSpw-_mw-K-§Ä X½n-epÅ _Ôw, hyànbpw kaq-lhpw ]c-kv]cw

]peÀ¯pó at\m-`m-hw, sXmgn-en-t\m-SpÅ Akw-Xr-]vXn, Aan-Xm-²zm-\w, t]mj-Im-

lm-c-¡p-d-hv, imcn-Im-kzm-Øy-§Ä, _mey-Im-es¯ A\n-jvSm-\p-`-h-§Ä XpS-§n-b-h-

sbñmw hyàn-bpsS a\-Êns\ kzm[o-\n-¡p-óp.

]ncn-ap-dp-¡-§fpw kwLÀj-§fpw Akp-J-I-c-§-fmb

Pohn-Xm-\p-`-h-§fpw, hmÀ²-Iyw, aZy-]m-\w, ab-¡p-a-cp-óp-IÄ apX-em-b-hbpw am\-kn-

Im-kzm-Øy-§Ä¡v Imc-W-am-Ip-óp.

38. Nne _mIvSo-cn-b-§Ä¡v A´-co-Ivj-¯nse ss\{S-Ps\ t\cn-«p- kzo-I-cn¨v ss\{S-P³

kwbp-à-§-fm¡n amäm-\pÅ Ign-hpïv. ssdtkm-_n-bw, t¢mkv{Sn-Unbw Fónh DZm-

l-c-W-§-fm-Wv. Ch kzX{´ambn a®nð Pohn¡pIbpw hmbphnse ss\{SPs\

kwbpIvX§fmbn amäpIbpw sN¿póp.

Nne \oelcnX BðKIÄ¡v ss\{S-Ps\ Ønco-I-

cn¡m\pff Ignhpïv. Ch Dev]m-Zn-¸n-¡pó ss\{S-P³ kwbp-à-§-fnð Hcp `mKw

a®nð \nt£-]n-¡p-óp. CSn-an-ó-epïm-Ip-t¼mgpw ss\{S-P³ Ønco-I-cWw \S-¡p-

óp. C§s\ ss\{S-P³ kwbp-à-§-fpsS A\p-]mXw a®nð Ønc-ambn \nð¡p-óp.

39. (1) BZn-a-Im-e-§-fnð Pohn-¨n-cpó an¡ P´p-¡fpw kky-§fpw Cóp ImWp-ó-h-

bnð \nóv hyXym-k-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp.

(2) BZn-a-Po-hn-IÄ Xmc-X-tay\ eLp-L-S-\-bp-Å-h-bm-bn-cp-óp.

(3) eLp-Po-hn-I-fnð \nópw k¦oÀ®-Po-hn-I-fn-te¡v {Iam-\p-K-X-amb amäw Zriy-am-Wv.

(4) Hcp {]tXy-I-Po-hn-hÀ¤w Hcp Ime-L-«-¯nð Dïm-hp-Ibpw ASp¯ Ime-L-«-

¯nð AXv Akw-Jy-ambn hÀ²n¨v ]nóo-SXv {ItaW F®-¯nð Ipd-ªp-Ip-

dªv HSp-hnð \mam-h-ti-j-am-Ip-Ibpw sN¿póp.

(5) P´p-¡-fnð kvX\y-]-§-fpw, kky-§-fnð k]p-jv]n-I-fp-amWv ]cn-Wm-a-t{i-Wn-

bnð Gähpw ASp¯ Ime-¯pï-m-b-h.

40. I®nsâ LS\

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