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Aymbw  1

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AYmtXm ckhnam\w hymJymkymax CXnlkvaml `Khm\mt{Xbx	1

\nZm\m\m\cw hnam\m\nse ckhnam\w F Aymbs Bt{Xb`Khm D]tZinXp{]Imcw Anthi aljn hnhcnpp.

NnInnphm tcmKm\w Ahiyw AhiyambncnpXpt]mseXs ckmZnIfpsS am\m\hpw BhiyamWv. AXpsImv \nZm\m\m\cw hnam\m\w Bcw`nncnpp. hntitjWaobtX mbtX tZmjt`jPmZyt\m\Xn hnam\w.

ClJep hym[o\mw \nan]qcq] cqt]m]ibkwJym {]m[m\y hn[nhnI] _eIme hntijm\pt{]mhniym\cw ck{ZhytZmjhnImc t`jPtZiIme_e icocmlmc kmckmy kXz{]IrXnhbkmw am\ahlnXa\km bYmh tbw `hXn`njPm, ckmZnam\m\mbXzm{Inbmbm \lyam\tmcktZmjmZo\mw `njIv hym[n\n{Kl katm`hXn XkvamckmZnam\m\mw hnam\m\ap]tZymtamƒnthi!	2

sshZy tcmKfpsS \nZm\w, ]qcq]w, cq]w, D]ibw, kwJym{][m\yw (k{m]vXnt`Z), hn[nIev]w, _eImehntij Fnhsb (\nZm\m\n ]dXv) \hw a\nemnbnv AXn\ptijw, hnImcw, Huj[w, tZiw, Imew, _ew, icocw, Blmcw, kmcw, (XzKmZnkmc) kmyw, a\v, {]IrXn, hbv ChbpsS Afhns\ a\ncpn thXpt]mse AdntbXmIpp. ImcWw NnInk ckmZnam\m\n[o\amIpp. Fm cktZmjmZnIfpsS Afhns\ Adnbm sshZy tcmKs iannpXn\v ka\mIpX. AXpsImv Anthim! ckmZnIfpsS am\s Adnbphm\mbn hnam\m\w D]tZinpXcmw.

X{XmZu ck{ZhytZmj hnImc{]`mhm hymax.	3

AXpIfnhv BZyw ckw, {Zhyw, tZmjw, hnImcw CXpIfpsS {]`mhsf ]dpXcmw.

ckmkvXmh jSva[pcmavf ehWISpXnIjmbmx, tX kapKp]bpPyam\mxicocw bm]bn, antYym]bpPyam\mkvXp Jep tZmj{]tIm]Wm tbm]I ]bn.	4

ck BdmIppa[pcw, ]pfn, Dv, Fcnhv, Ibv]v, Nhv, Cu Bdv ck thXpt]mse D]tbmKnpXmbm BbppXphsc icocs BtcmKytmSpIqSn sImpt]mImhpXmWv. thXpt]msebmsX D]tbmKnmemIs tZmj{]tIm]Wn\mbnsmv tbmKyambnocpp.

tZmjmx ]p\kv{Xtbm hmX]nivtfjvamWx. tX{]IrXn`qXmx icotcm]ImcIm `hn. hnIrXnam]mxJep \m\mhnss[ hnImsscx icocap]Xm]bn.	5

]ns tZmj hmXw, ]nw, I^w Fns\ aqmIpp. Ah {]IrXyhbn AXmbXv AXmXn\v thp ]cnamWn \nevpXmbm icocn\v D]Imcambnocpp. tZmj hnIrXambm PzcmZ\m\mhn[ tcmKtfsmv icocs X]nnpp.

X{X tZmj tassIIw {Xbkv{Xtbm ckm P\bn,{Xbkv{Xtm]iabn. XZyYmISpXnIjmbmhmXwP\bn a[pcmavfehWvkvXw iabn ISzavfehWmx ]nw P\bn a[pcXnIjmbmx ]p\tc\w iabn. a[pcmavfehWmx ivtfjvamWw P\bn ISpXnIjmbm kvtXz\ iabn.	6

hmXmZn Htcmtcm tZmjs aqv aqv ck DmpIbpw HmtcmtZmjs aqv aqv ck iannpIbpw sNpp. AXv F{]Imcsam ISpXn Ijmb hmXs Dmpp. a[pcmehW hmXs iannpp. ISzehW ]ns Dmpp. a[pcXnIjmb ]ns iannpp. a[pcmehW I^s iannpp.

ck tZmjkn]mtX Xp tbm ckm ssbtZmssjx kam\KpWm; kam\KpW`qbnjvTm hm `hn tX Xm\`nhbn, hn]coXKpWmkvXp hn]coXKpW`qbnjvTm hm iaby`ykyam\m; CtXyXZv hyhmtltXmx jZvXzap]ZniytX ckm\mw ]ckv]tcWm kwkrjvSm\mw {XnXzssh tZmjmWmw. kwkhnI]hnkvXtcmtlyjma]cn kwtJybt`tZm `hXn hnI]t`Zm ]cnkwJybXzm.	7

ckfpw tZjfpw Hnp tNcptmgmIs GtXXv ck GtXXv tZmjv XpeyKpWapXmtbm XpeyKpWm[nIyapXmtbm BIppthm B ck B tZmjsf hnnpp. GtXXv ck GtXXv tZmjv hncp KpWapXmtbm hncpKpWm[nIyapXmtbm BIppthm Ah ioenpXmbm B tZmj ianpp.(kq{Xm\n BNt{Xb `{ZIm]yobmymbn 63hn[nep ckan{iWtbpw Inb inckobmymbn 63hn[nep tZmjkwktfbpw ]dnpv. AXmWnhnsS kpNnnncnpXv.) C{]Imcw Cu hyhtlXphmbn Bdv ckfptSbpw aqv tZmjfptSbpw ]ckv]cap tNsb D]tZinpp. Fm Cu Bdv ckfptSbpw aqv tZmjfptSbpw kwkhnIev]ns t`ZhnkvXmcw kwJybnm{XbmIpp. ImcWw hnIev]t`Zw kwJybnm{XbmWv.

X{XJezt\I ctkjp {Zthyjzt\ItZmjmtIjp N hnImtcjp cktZmj{]`mh tassIItXz\ A`nkaoy XtXm {Zhy hnImctbmx {]mhXXzw hyhtky. \ tXzhw Jepk{X. \ ln hnIrXnhnjakathXm\mw \m\mIm\m ]ckv]tcW tNm]lX{]IrXnIm\mw Ass\y hnI]ss\hn]nXm\mahbh {]`mhm\pamt\ss\h kapZmb{]`mhhXXzayhkmXpw iIyw. XYmbptlnkapZmtb kapZmb{]`mh XXztathm]e`y XtXm {ZhyhnImc{]`mh XXzw hyhtky Xkvamck{]`mhX{Zhy {]`mhX tZmj{]`mhX hnImc{]`mhX XXzap]tZXvjmbmax. Xss{Xjck{Zhy tZmjhnImc {]`mh D]ZnjvtSm `hXn.	8

At\I ckfp {Zhyfnepw At\Iw tZmjfp tcmKfnepw Hmtcmtcm ckntbpw Hmtcmtcm tZmjntbpw {]`mhs t\mnbnv AXn\ptijw {Zhntbpw tcmKntbpw {]`mhns XXzs \nbnWw. Fm ckkwknepw tZmjkwknepw Cu ]dXp{]Imcw \nbnmhpX. ImcWw hnIrXn hnja IqSntp \nevp \m\mhn[ {Zhyfpw \m\mhn[ tZmjfpw ]ckv]cw IqSntv Hv asddmns\ hnIrXampXpsImpw AXpt]mseXs ckfptSbpw tcmKfptSbpw {]`mhIhnIev]w (`nX) sImv hyXykvXfmb {ZhyKpWmhbhfptSbpw tZmjKpWmhbhfptSbpw HcpanptNp {]`mhXXzs A\pam\wsImv am{Xw \nbnphm IgnbpX. A{]Imcw Hcpanp \nevpXnemIs HcpanpXs \nevp {]`mhXXzs Adnnv AXn\ptijw {ZhyfptSbpw tcmKfptSbpw {]`mhXXzs \nbnWw. AXpsImv ck{]`mhntbpw {Zhy{]`mhntbpw tZmj{]`mhntbpw tcmK{]`mhntbpw XXzs D]tZinpXcmw. ChnsS Npcpn ck{ZhytZmjhnImcfpsS {]`mhs ]dbsp.

ChnsS ck{ZhytZmjhnImcfpsS {]`mhs {]IrXnka kathXambpw hnIrXn hnja kathXambpamWv ]dncnpXv. {]IrXn kathXs a\nemphm {]bmkapmIpX. AXmbXv sh\ndap \qsImv hkv{Xapmnbm hkv{Xhpw shfpncnpsav a\nemphm {]bmkan. AXmWv {]IrXnka kathXw. hnIrXn hnja kathXambm a\nemphm hnjaapv. AXmbXv a\ndap afpw sh\ndap Npmpw HcpanptNm Nphpp. CXmWv hnIrXn hnja kathXw. Atm ck{ZhytZmjhnImcfpsS {]`h Hcpanp tNcptm {]IrXnka kathXamsWn Ffpn a\nemphm Ignbpsapw hnIrXnhnja kathXamsWnepw Ffpn a\nemphm Ignbpsapw hnIrXnhnja kathXamsWn a\nemphm\ hnjaapspw Aw.

{Zhy{]`mhw ]p\cp]tZymaxssXe kna[p\n hmX]n ivtfjva{]ia\m\n {ZhymWn `hn.X{XssXew kvt\lujvWy Kucthm]]XzmZzmXw PbXn kXXa`ykvXam\w, hmtXm lncuyssiXyemLthm]]tm hncpKptWm `hXn. hncpKpWkn]ntX ln `qbkm ]ahPobtX,Xkvamssew hmXw P\bXn kXXa`ykyam\w, knxJtemhtah ]nw PbXn, am[pcymssXymahncyXzmm]nw lya[pcapjvWw XovWw N,a[pN ivtfjvamWw PbXn. cuymssvWym IjmbXzmN, ivtfjvamln km\nKvtm atma[pc.	9

C\n {ZhyfpsS {]`mhs D]tZinpXcmw. ssXew, s\v, tX Ch {Ian hmXw, ]nw, I^w Chsb iannp {ZhyfmIpp. AXpIfn ssXew kv\nKvX, DjvWhocyw, KpcpXzw ChbpXmbXpsImv \nccw ioenm hmXs Pbnpp. hmXamIs cqw, ioXw, eLpXzw ChtbmSpIqSnbXpsImv ssXens hncpKpWapXmIpp. ssXew hmXns hncpKpWsfmw IqSntXmsWnqSn Htckabw IqSpXembp]tbmKnm hmXs Aev]w am{Xta PbnpIbpp. AXpsImv ssXew \nccw tkhnm hmXs ]qambpw Pbnpp. CXpt]mseXs s\v ]ns Pbnpp. ImcWw s\v a[pchpw ssiXyhpw ahncyhpw DXmIpp. ]namIs CXn\v hn]coXamb Aa[pchpw (Fcnhpw) DjvWhpw XovWhpw DXmIpp. tX I^s Pbnpp. cqXbpw XovWhpw Ijmbckhpw DXpsImv I^amIs CXn\v hn]coXamb kv\nKvXbpw aKpWhpw a[pchpw DXmIpp.

bm\yZ]nInn{hytahw hmX]nIt^t`ymKpWtXm hn]coXw kym XssXm PbXy`ykyam\w.	10

atddsXnepw {Zhyw CXpt]mse hmX]nI^v hn]coXKpWapXmbptm Ahbpw \nccw ioenm hmX]n I^sf PbnpXmbncnpw. (CXmWv {ZhyfptSbpw tZmjfptSbpw {]IrXnka kathX {]`mhw.)

AYJep {XoWn {ZhymWn \m`yp]bpRvPoXm[nIat\yt`ym {Zthy`yx. XZyYm]nenx mcw eh WanXn. ]nteym ln ISpImx ktXyma[pchn]mImxKpthym \mXyw kv\nKvtmjvWmx {]IvtfZnt\ymt`jPm`naXm, Xmx kZyx ip`mip`Imcn tWym `hn; B]mX`{Zmx {]tbmK kamkmZv KpWymZvtZmjkbm\p_mx. kXXw D]bpPyam\m ln Kpcp{]IvtfZnXzm ivtfjvamW apIvtfibn,HujvWm ]nw. \ N hmX{]ia\mb I]t A]kvt\tlmjvW`mhm tbmKhmln\ykvXpJep`hn, Xkvam ]neo \m`yp]bpRvPoX.	11

addv {Zhyfnhv aqv {Zhy A[nIambp]tbmKncpXv. AXv GsXmsaphmXnen, mcw, Dv FnhbmIpp. XnenbmIs Fcnhv ckamsWnepw hn]mIn a[pchpw KpcphpamWv. AXy[nIw kv\nKvXbpw DjvWhpw DX. tZs DmpXmWv. Huj[ambp]tbmKnmw. Xnen Wn ip`tbpw Aip`tbpw Dmpp. Aev]am{Xbnepw Aev]Imehpw D]tbmKnm kZvKpWtbpw AXnam{Xbnepw \nccambpw D]tbmKnm tZmjh\hnt\bpw Dmpw \nccw D]tbmKnpXmbm KpcpXztbpw tZtbpw DmpXmbXpsImv I^s hnnpp. DjvWhocywsImv ]ns hnnpp. Aev]kv\nKvXbpw Aevt]mjvWhpw DXmbXpsImv hmXia\n\mbn {]tbmKnmhpX. ]nen \nbambpw tbmKhmln\nbmIpp. AXpsImv Xnen A[nIambp]tbmKncpXv.

Xnen tbmKhmlnbmsWv ]dXpsImv addv {ZhytfmSv tNp]tbmKnm Xs KpWs \ne\nnsmvXs addv {ZhyfpsS KpWs hnnpXmsWw. Atm Xnen Aev]mev]w Huj[ambp]tbmKnmsapw Blmcwt]mse AXy[nIambp]tbmKncpXv FpamWv CXn\nv a\nemtXv.

mcx ]p\cuvWy ehtWm]]x IvtfZbXnXzmZu ]mZp]timjbXn ZlXn ]NXn`n\n kwLtXw. k ]N\ Zl\ t`Z\map]bpRvPytX. tkmƒXn{]bqPyam\x tIimn lrZb ]pw kvtXzm]LmXIcx kZytX. tbm tly\kvXp{Kma\Kc \nKaP\]Zmx kXXap]bpRvPytX, tXƒ]ym\[yjmWvUyJmenXy ]menXy`mtPm lrZbm]In\ `hn. XZyYm {]mbx {]mNymo\mXkvam mcw \m`yp]bpRvPnX.	12

]ns mcw DjvWXovWeLpKpWbpamIpIbm BZyw \qehns\ DmpIbpw ]noSv hcsb DmpIbpw sNpp. AXv ]gpnphm\pw ]nfphm\pw D]tbmKnmhpXmWv. mcw AXnbmbp]tbmKnm XeapSn, Iv, lrZbw, ]pcpjXzw Chbvv \mis DmpXmWv. {Kmanepw ]Wnepw hym]mcepw Xnn]mp P\ Cu mcsbmIs \nccw D]tbmKnpp. Ah AXbpw \]pwkIXzhpw Ijnbpw \cbpw lrZbn thZ\bpw Dhcmbnocpp. Ah anhmdpw {]mNytZihmknIfpw (Bkmw, _wKm apXemb tZifn hknphcpw) ssN\mcpw BIpp. AXpsImv mcw A[nIambp]tbmKncpXv.

ehWw hp\cuvWy ssXvtWym]]a\Xn Kp\Xn kv\nKvw D]IvtfZn hn{kw k\kaa{ZhycpNnIcam]mZ`{Zw {]tbmK kakmZv KpWymZv tZmjkbm\p_w, Xt{ZmN\ ]Nt\m]IvtfZ\ hn{kwk\map]bqPytX, XZXyap]bqPyam\w Kvfm\nssiYney Zu_eym`n \nhrnIcw icocky `hXn. tbm tly\Zv {Kma\Kc\mKa P\]Zmx kXXap]bpRvPytX, tX `qbnjvTw Kvfmkv\hx inYneamwktimWnXm A]cnIvtfi klm `hn. XZbYm_mlnI kucmjv{SnIsskh kuhocImx, tX ln ]bkm]nkl kZmehWaiv\n tb ƒ]ol`qtacXyqjcmtZimkvtXtjzmj[n hocpZz\kv]XIn hm\kv]Xym \ Pmbt, A]tXPtkm hm`hn ehtWm]lXXzm. XkvamhWw \m`yp]bpRvPoX. tb ^yXnehWkmymx]cpjmkvtXjma]n JmenXy]menXym\n _ebmImte `hn. Xkvam tXjmw XkmyXx{ItaWm]Ka\w t{ibx. kmtym]n ln {Iamnhyam\atZmja]tZmjw hm `hXn.	13

Dv DjvWhocyhpw XovWXbpw DXmIpp. AXnKpcpXzhpw AXnkv\nKvXbpw DX. \qehns\ DmpXmWv. aes Cfphm kaambnpXmWv. Blmckm[\v cpNnsb Dmpw. Aev]am{Xbn D]tbmKnm kZvKpWtbpw A[nIambp]tbmKnm tZmjh\hnt\bpw Dmpw. Dv cpNnsb Dmphm\pw Blmcs ]Nnnphm\pw \pehns\ Dmphm\pw aes Cfphm\pw D]tbmKnmhpXmWv. AXv A[nIambp]tbmKnm icocn\v m\nbpw inYneXbpw _ebhpw DmIpp. CXv {Kmanepw ]Wnepw hym]mcefnepw Xnn]mp P\ \nccw D]tbmKnpp. Ah IqSpX m\ntbmSpIqSnbhcmbpw amwkn\pw cn\pw inYneXbphcmbpw tis klnm Ignbmhcmbpancnpw. Ans\bph _mlnIkucmjv{Sknpkuhnc tZihmknIfmIpp. AhcmIs ]mtemSpIqSntmepw Ftmgpw Dv Ignpp. Cu ]d {]tZip `qan AXnbmb Dv apXmIbm AhnSfn Hmj[n (Huj[ [m\ymZnI), hocpZv (eXmZnI), h\kv]Xn (]pjv]anmsX Imbvph), hm\kv]Xyw (^e]pjv]klnXaph) DmIpX. AYhm DmhpIbmsWn KpWw Ipdhbmbncnpw. ImcWw Dv Ahsb \innpIfbpXmWv. AXpsImv Dv AXnbmbp]tbmKncpXv. Dv A[nIambp]tbmKnp ioeaphv Ijn, C{ep]vXw, \c, icocn Npfnhv Ch AImen DmhpIbpw sNpw. (Dns AXyp]tbmKnepmIp lm\nsb kw_nv kq{Xm\n Bt{Xb`{ZIm]ybmymbn ]dnpv.

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