A²ymbw þ 4

kvt\l-hym-]ðkn²n

C\n kvt\l-hym-]ð kn²n Fó A²ym-bs¯ Bt{Xb `K-hm³ D]-tZ-in-¨-Xp-{]-Imcw Aán-thi alÀjn hnh-cn-¡p-óp.

C\n hmX-þ-]n-¯-þ-I^ \mi-I-§-fmb kvt\l-h-kvXn-Isf hnh-cn-¨p-X-cmw. IqSmsX sXämbn hkvXn sNbvXm-ep-ïm-Ipó hym]-¯p-¡Ä NnInðkm klnXw hnh-cn-¨p-X-cn-Ibpw sN¿mw.

Zi-aq-ew, Ipdp-t´m-«n-th-cv, Ac-¯, Aap-¡p-cw, sXgp-Xm-a-th-cv, Nnä-ar-Xv, Bh-W-¡n³th-cv, \mòq-I-¸p-ñv, sNdp-tX-¡n³th-cv, AS-tem-S-Iw-th-cv, tcmln-j-Xr-W-aq-ew, iXm-h-cn-¡n-g-§v, Icn-¦p-dp-ªn-th-cv, Im¡-s¯m-ïn-thcv Ch Hmtcm ]ew, bhw, Dgp-óv, AX-kn-¡p-cp, e´-¡p-cp, apXnc Ch Cucïv ]ew Fñmw-IqSn 64-þ-C-S-§gn Bbm-se-Sp-¯-cn¨p AXnð \men-S-§-gn, F®bpw \men-S-§gn ]mepw Poh-\o-b-K-W-¯nse ]¯u-j-[-§Ä Hmtcm-]ew FSp-¯-c¨p Iev¡-ambpw tNÀ¯p Im¨n-sb-Sp-¡-Ww. Cu ssXewsImïv A\p-hm-k\w sN-bvXmð Fñm-hn[ hmX-tcm-K-§fpw \in-¡pw. Cu Zi-aq-em-Zn-ssX-e-¯n\v hnez-ssXew Fóp-IqSn ]d-bp-ó-Xm-Wv. CXnð F®-bpsS Øm\¯v B\q-]-Po-hn-I-fpsS hk tNÀ¯p Im¨n-sb-Sp¯p A\p-hm-k\w sNbvXmepw Fñm-hn[ hmX-tcm-K-§fpw \in-¡pw.

sh¸p-Im-Sn-bnð NXp-Ip-¸, bhw, Iqh-fw-thcv Ch Iev¡-ambn F®bpw tNÀ¯p kvt\l-]m-I-hn[n {]Imcw Im¨n-sb-Sp¯p hmX-tcm-K-¯nð A\p-hm-k-\-¯n-\m-bp-]-tbm-Kn-¡-Ww. C´p¸v Xo¿n-en«p Aán hÀ®-am-bm-se-Sp¯p s\¿nð CS-Ww. A{]-Imcw sNbvXp s\¿v NqSm-bmð AXp-sImïv A\p-hm-k\w sN¿-Ww. CXv Fñm-hn[ hmX-tcm-K-§-sfbpw ian-¸n-¡pw.

Poh-´ymZn A\p-hm-k\w þ AS-]-Xn-b³ Ing-§v, ae-¦m-c-bv¡, taZ, ap¯nÄ, Cc-«n-a-[p-cw, Ipdp-t´m-«n-th-cv, NXp-I-¸, CS-h-Iw, Xn¸-en, Im¡-s¯m-ïn-th-cv, iXm-h-cn-¡n-g-§v, \mbn-¡-c-W-_o-Pw, £oc-Im-tIm-fn, IÀ¡-S-irw-Kn, I¨q-cw, hb¼v Ch Iev¡-am¡n Iev¡-¯nsâ \men-c«n F®bpw s\¿pw tNÀ¯p Im¨n-sb-Sp-¡-Ww. Cu ba-I-kvt\-lw-sImïv A\p-hm-k\w sNbvXmð ico-cs¯ XSn-¸n-¡pw. hmX-þ-]n-¯-§sf \in-¸n-¡pw. _ew, ip¢w, PT-cmán Ch hÀ²n-¡pw, aq{X-tZm-jw, hocy-tZm-jw, ctPm-tZmjw Fón-hsb \in-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pw.

Pzc-Nn-Inðk-bnð ]dª Npµ-\mZn ssXe-tbm-K-¯nse Huj-[-§Ä In«m-hp-tó--S-t¯mfw FSp-¯-c¨p Ið¡w tNÀ¯p s\¿nsâ \men-sem-cp-`mKw F®bpw ba-I-¯nsâ \men-c«n ]mepw tNÀ¯p Im¨n-sb-Sp-¡pó Cu baI kvt\lw-sIm-ïpÅ A\p-hm-k\w ]n¯-\m-i-am-Ip-óp.

C´p-¸v, ae-¦m-c-bv¡, sIm«w, NXp-Ip-¸, Bäv hôn, Ipdp-t´m-«n-th-cv, Ccp-th-cn, Cc-«n-a-[p-cw, sNdp-tX-¡n³th-cv, tZh-Xm-cw, Iap-Zn³th-cv, Np¡v, ]pjvI-c-aq-ew, taZ, Im«p-ap-f-In³th-cv, sImSp-th-cn-¡n-g-§v, I¨q-cw, hngm-ecn, AXn-hn-S-bw, ]Ipó Atc-Wp-Iw, InWn-In-Wn-¸m-e, Hmcn-e-th-cv, Iqh-fw-th-cv, Ab-tam-Z-Iw, Xn¸-en, \mK-Z-´n-th-cv, Ac¯ Ch kaw Iev¡-am¡n Bh-W-s¡-®tbm FsÅ-®tbm kvt\l-]m-I-hn-[n-{]-Imcw ]mIw sNbvsX-Sp¯p hkvXn-sN-bvXmð I^-P-\y-amb tcmK-§sf \in-¸n-¡pw. IqSmsX {_[v\-tcm-Kw, DZm-hÀ¯w, Kpevaw, AÀi-Êv, ¹ol-tcm-Kw, {]talw, BVy-hm-Xw, B\m-lw, Aivacn Fón-hbpw Cu A\p-hm-k-\w-sImïv \in-¡pw.

sh¸p-ImSn apX-emb A¾-{Z-hy-¯nð ae-¦m-c¡ Iev¡w-tNÀ¯p Im¨n-sb-Sp-¡pó ssXetam hnezm-Zn-a-lð ]ô-aqew Ijm-bhpw Iev¡-hp-ambn Im¨n-sb-Sp-¡pó ssXetam I^-l-c-§-fmb aäu-j-[-§Ä tNÀ¯p Im¨n-sb-Sp-¡pó ssXetam sshZy³ hn[n-{]-Imcw hkvXn-sN-bvXmð Fñm-hn[ I^-P-\y-§-fmb tcmK-§fpw ian-¡pw.