A²ymbw þ 8

PmXnkq{Xobw imcocw

C\n PmXnkq{Xobw imcocw Fó A²ymbs¯ Bt{Xb `Khm³ D]tZin¨Xp {]Imcw Aánthi alÀjn hnhcn¡póp.

kv{XobpsS timWnXhpw KÀ`mibhpw ]pcpjsâ ip¢hpw {i²ambn«pÅhÀ¡v B{Kl¯nó\pkcn¨v t{ibkvIcamb k´m\§Ä DïmIpóXmWv. AXn\pthïn Fs´ms¡ sN¿Wsaóv hnhcn¨pXcmw.

timWnXhpw KÀ`mibhpw ip²amb kv{Xobpw ip²amb ]pcpj\pw kvt\ltkzZw sNbvXn«v hn[n{]Imcw ha\hntcN\w sNbvXp icocip²n hcp¯n t]bmZn{Iaw ioen¨n«v {Ia¯nð kzm`mhnImhØbnð F¯nt¨cWw. kayIv ip²nhómð cïp t]cpw IjmbhkvXnbpw kvt\lhkvXnbpw sN¿Ww. AXn\ptijw ]pcpj³ a[pcuj[§fn«p kwkvIcn¨ ]mepw s\¿pw ioen¡Ww. kv{XobmIs« F®bpw Dgpópw ioen¡Ww.

AXn\ptijw ctPmZÀi\apïmbmð AópapXð aqópZnhkw {_ÒNmcnWnbmbncn¡Ww. `qanbnð InS¡Ww. ]pXnbXñm¯Xpw DSbm¯Xpamb ]m{X¯nð ssIsImïv Blmcw Ign¡Ww. Ipfn apXemb bmsXmcphn[ AwKkwkvIcWhpw sN¿cpXv (CXns\ kw_Ôn¨v kp{ipXw imcocw cïmw A²ymb¯nð IqSpXembn hnhcn¨n«pïv.)

AXn\ptijw \memas¯ Znhkw F®, Xmfn apXembh D]tbmKn¨p incÊS¡w Ipfn¨n«v shfp¯ hkv{Xhpw amebpw [cn¡Ww. cïp t]cpw \ñ a\tÊmSpIqSnbpw At\ym\yw CjvSs¸«pancn¡Ww. A§ns\bncn¡pt¼mÄ sshZy³ klhmk¯n\mbn A\paXn sImSp¡Ww.

kv{Xobpw ]pcpj\pw ]p{Xs\bmWm{Kln¡pósX¦nð Ipfn¨ Znhkw apXð Cc«Znhk¯nepw ]p{Xnsb BWm{Kln¡pósX¦nð HäZnhk¯nepw ssaYp\w sN¿Ww. AXmbXv BIp«n thWsa¦nð ctPmZÀi\w apXð 4þ8þ10þ12 Fóo Znhk§fnepw s]Ip«n thWsa¦nð 5þ7þ9þ11 Fóo Znhk§fnepw ssaYp\w sN¿Ww.

kv{Xo At[mapJnbmbpw (]pcpjsâ tase InSópw) CSt¯m het¯m hi¯v Ncnªp InSópw ssaYp\w sN¿cpXv. kv{Xo At[mapJnbmbn¡nSóp ssaYp\w sNbvXmð hmbp _ehm\mbn tbm\nsb ]oUn¸n¡póXmbncn¡pw, At¸mÄ ip¢w Asñ¦nð ip¢mWp KÀ`mib¯nð AYhm Unw_{]Wmfnbnð {]thin¡póXñ. he¯v hi¯v sNcnªpInSóp ssaYp\w sNbvXmð I^w {khn¨phóp KÀ`mibs¯ ad¡póXmbncn¡pw. CS¯v hi¯v sNcnªpInSóp ssaYp\w sNbvXmð ]n¯w càt¯bpw ip¢t¯bpw hnZKv²am¡póXmbncn¡pw. AXpsImïv kv{Xo aeÀópInSópsImïv Xsó ssaYp\w sNbvXp _oPs¯ kzoIcn¡Ww. Cu AhØbnð hmXmZntZmj§Ä AXmXv Øm\¯v ØnXn sN¿póXmIpóp. ssaYp\m\´cw kv{Xo XWp¯ shÅwsImïv Ipfn¡Ww. Cu Ipfn KÀ`ØncX¡pw ssaYp\m\´capïmb £oWhpw Dujvamhpw ian¡phm\pw \ñXmIpóp.

AXnbmbn `£Ww Ign¨ncn¡pI, hnióncn¡pI, Zmln¨ncn¡pI, `ocphmbncn¡pI, ssaYp\¯nð ssha\kyapïmIpI, ZpxJn¨ncn¡pI, t{Im[n¨ncn¡pI, A\y]pcpjs\ Iman¡pIbw ssaYp\¯nð AXymkànbpïmbncn¡pIbpw sN¿pI Fóo hn[¯nepÅ \mco kwt`mK¯nð KÀ`w [cn¡póXñ. AYhm KÀ`w [cn¡pIbmsW¦nð B k´m\¯n\v sshKpWyw DïmIpw. AXn_metbbpw AXnhr²ntbbpw ZoÀLIme tcmKnWntbbpw AYhm atäsX¦nepw hn[¯nepÅ tcmKw _m[n¨htfbpw ssaYp\¯nð \nóv hÀÖn¡Ww. Cu hn[ tZmj§fpÅ ]pcpj\nð \nóv KÀ`w [cnt¡ïXpw hÀÖnt¡ïXmWv. AXpsImïv bmsXmcphn[ tZmj§fpanñm¯ kv{Xo ]pcpjòmÀ At\ym\yw tNÀóp k´m\s¯ Dev]mZn¸n¡Ww.

12þhbÊnð XmsgbpÅ s]Ip«n¡v AXn_mem Fópw 12þapXð 16þhsc hbÊpÅ s]Ip«n¡v _mem Fópw ]dbpóp. kv{XoIÄ¡v KÀ`w [cn¡phm³ Gähpw kaÀ°amb Imew 16þapXð 20þhbÊv hscbmIpóp. AXn\ptijw k´mt\mev]mZ\tijn Ipdªp Indªp hcnIbpw 55þhbÊmIpt¼mtg¡pw k´mt\mev]mZ\tijn \ntÈjw \in¡pIbpw BÀ¯hw \nð¡pIbpw sN¿pw.

]pcpj\v k´mt\mev]mZ\¯n\v Gähpw kaÀ°amb Imew 20þapXð 32þhbÊv hscbmIpóp. AXn\ptijw k´mt\mev]mZ\tijn Ipdªp Ipdªp hcnIbpw 70þhbÊmIpt¼mtg¡pw ip{ImWp ]qÀ®ambpw \jvSs¸SpIbpw sN¿pw.

16þapXð 20þhbÊv htcbpÅ kv{Xobnð 20 apXð 32þhbÊv hscbpÅ ]pcpj³ k´mt\mev]mZ\w sNbvXmð aäv tZmj§sfmópw kv{Xo¡pw ]pcpj\pw Csñ¦nð B k´m\w bmsXmcp ImcWhimepw hnKpWambn¯ocpóXñ. 50þ55 \ptijw kv{Xobnepw 70 \ptijw ]pcpj\nepw k´mt\mev]mZ\tijn A]qÀÆambn Isïóphcmw AXv kÀÆkm[mcWañm¯XpsImïv Hc]hmZambn am{Xw IW¡m¡phmt\ \nhr¯nbpÅp.

ssaYp\¯nð cïp t]À¡pw lÀjapïmbmð at\m\pIqeamb KÔ{Zhy§Ä D]tbmKn¨pw \ñ at\mlcambn«pÅXpw kpJapfhm¡póXpamb I«nepw InS¡bpw hncn¸pw D]tbmKn¨pw lnXhpw anXhpamb Blmcw Ign¨pw ]pcpj³ BZyw het¯ ImepsImïpw kv{Xo CSt¯ ImevsImïpw hncn¸nð Ibdn InS¡Ww.

tað]dª Alnckn Fóv XpS§póXpw {_Òm _rlkv]Xnx Fóv XpS§póXpamb a{´w P]n¨psImïv ssaYp\¯nð {]thin¡Ww.

kv{Xo Xsâ ]p{X³ henb icocapÅh\mbpw KuchapÅh\mbpw knwl Xpeyjcm{Ianbmbp HmPkznbmbpw ipNnbpÅh\mbpw _p²nam\mbpw Bbncn¡Wsaóm{Kln¡pIbpw thWw.

EXpkv\m\w sNbvXZnhkw apXð AhÄ¡v bh¯nsâ aeÀs¸mSn Ie¡nb shůnð tX\pw s\¿pw tNÀ¯p shfp¯ I«nbpÅ shfp¯ ]iphnsâ ]menð Ie¡n shÅnbptStbm HmSntâtbm ]m{X¯nð Hcp IrXykab¯v GgpZnhkw XpSÀ¨bmbn IpSn¡m³ sImSp¡Ww. cmhnse \hcbcnt¨mtdm bh¯nsâ tNmtdm ssXcpw tX\pw s\¿pw tNÀt¯m ]mð tNÀt¯m sImSp¡Ww AXpt]mseXsó sshIptóchpw sImSp¡Ww. Xmakn¡pó Øew, InS¡pó hncn¸v, Ccn¡pó Cuk\w kôcn¡pó hml\w, [cn¡pó hkv{Xw, ame apXembhsbñmw shÅ\ndambncn¡Ww. cmhntebpw sshIptóchpw Ft¸mgpw shfp¯ henb Imftbtbm IpXnctbtbm Ahbh§fnð shŨµ\w AWnªpsImïv ImWWw. AhfpsS ASp¯v t]mIpóhÀ kuayambpw at\m\pIqeambpw kwkmcn¡Ww. kuaymIrXnbpw hm¡pw BNmchpw tNjvSbpw DÅ kv{Xo ]pcpjòmsc ImWWw. AXpt]mseXsó aäpÅ C{µnbmÀ°§tfbpw ImWWw. AhÄ¡v {]nbapÅhcpw lnXambn«pÅhcpw lnXambn«pÅhcpw Ft¸mgpw klNcn¡pIbpw D]Ncn¡pIbpw thWw. AXpt]mseXsó `À¯mhpw {]nbambpw lnXambpw AhtfmSv s]cpamdWw. cïvt]cpw ssaYp\w sN¿cpXv. C{]Imcw GgpZnhkw sNbvXn«v F«mas¯ Znhkw incÊS¡w cïpt]cpw Ipfn¡Ww. Fón«v \ñ shfp¯ `qjW§fpw [cn¡pIbpw thWw.

AXn\ptijw EXznIv (bmKw sN¿póhÀ) hoSnsâ Ingt¡m hSt¡m Zn¡nð Xmsg ]dbpó {Ia{]ImcapÅ `q`mKs¯ t\m¡nbn«v AhnsS NmWIw tX¨p hr¯nbm¡n Pet{]m£aw sNbvXn ip²n hcp¯n AXnð thZn Øm]n¡Ww. bPam\\vU {_mÒW\msW¦nð Ing¡v `mK¯v kzÑhpw \ho\hpw tizXhpamb hkv{X§Ä sImïpïm¡nb Bk\¯ntem AYhm shfp¯ ImfbpsS NÀ½¯ntem EXznIv Ccn¡Ww. ]p{XmÀ°w bÚw sN¿n¸n¡póh³ £{Xnb\msW¦nð EXznIv ]pent¯mentem shfp¯ ImfbpsS tXmentem Ccn¡Ww. A{]Imcw Ccpó EXznIv NaX, HmSacw, A¯n Ccp¸ FónhsImïv Aánbpïm¡n Ipihncn¨p ]cn[nbpïm¡n AhnsS aecpw kpKÔapÅXpw shfp¯Xpamb ]pjv]§fpw hnXcWw. AhnsS a{´w sImïv ip²am¡nb Pe]m{Xw hbv¡Ww. tlman¡phm\pÅ s\¿pw DNnXamb hn[¯nð kwkvIcn¨p AhnsS sh¡Ww. GXv hÀ®¯nepÅ Ip«nsb B{Kln¡pópthm B hÀ®¯nepÅ IpXnc apXembhsb thZn¡v Npäpw \nÀ¯Ww.

EXzn¡pIÄ = bPam\\pthïn bmKw sN¿póhcmIpóp. 6þEXp¡fpïv. {Inbmhkm\¯nð bPam\³ EXzn¡pIÄ¡v Z£nW sNbvXmð bmK^ew bPam\óv (bmKw sN¿póh\v) In«póXmWv. thZn = bmK¯n\pthïn ]cnjv¡cn¡s¸« `q`mK¯nsâ t]cmIpóp. ØnWvUnew = bmK¯n\pthïn NmaIw sagpIn hr¯nbm¡nb Øew.

AXn\ptijw ]p{Xs\ B{Kln¡pó kv{Xo AhÄ B{Kln¡pó hn[¯nepÅ ]p{Xs\ a\Ênð [ym\n¨psImïv `À¯mhnt\mSpIqSn AánbpsS ap¼nembpw {_mÒWsâ he¯mbpw Ccpón«v EXzn¡v F´v ]dbpópthm AXpt]mse sN¿Ww.

AXn\ptijw EXznIv CjvS]p{Xs\ [ym\n¨psImïncn¡pó kv{XobpsS tbm\nbnð {]Pm]Xnsb \nÀt±in¨n«v B{Kl]qÀ¯n¡mbn hnjvWpÀtbm\nw Iev]bXp FónXymZn EXznIv ]dbpóXpt]mse ]dªp Aánbnð ]p{XImtajvSn sN¿Ww.

AXn\ptijw s\¿vsImïv lhnÊpw Iq«nt¨À¯p aqóv {]mhiyw Aánbnð tlman¡Ww. AhnsS ]qPn¨p sh¨n«pÅ Pe]m{Xw AhÄ¡v sImSp¡Ww. shÅw sImïv Fs´ñmw Bhiy§fptïm AsXñmw CXpsImïv \ndthäWw Fóv ]dªpsImïmWv shÅw sImSpt¡ïXv.

IÀ½w kam]n¨Xn\ptijw BZyw het¯Imð FSp¯psh¨psImïv Fgptóäv Aánsb {_Z£nWw sh¡Ww.

AXn\ptijw {_mÒW\nð\nóv A\p{Klw hm§nbn«v bÚ injvSLrXw `À¯mthmSpIqSn XnóWw. BZyw `À¯mhpw ]nóoSv `mcybpamWv XntóïXv. s\¿v Xotc _m¡n sh¡msX cïpt]cpw XnópXoÀ¡Ww. AXn\ptijw FgpZnhkw cïpt]cpw Hcpan¨p hkn¡Ww. GXv hn[¯nepÅ thj`qjmZnIÄ [cn¡pópthm B hn[¯nepÅ k´mt\mev]mZ\w DïmIpóXmbncn¡pw.

GsXmcp kv{Xo iymafhÀ®ambpw Nphó I®pItfmSpIqSnbpw hnkvXmchpw DbÀóXpamb DctÊmSpIqSnbpw, ZoÀL_mlp¡tfmSpIqSnbpw DÅ ]p{Xs\ B{Kln¡pópthm AYhm GsXmcp kv{Xo IrjvWhÀ®hpw Idp¯v arZphmb ZoÀLapÅ tIihpw shfp¯ I®pw shfp¯ ]ñpw tXPkznbpw Bß_ehpw DÅ ]p{Xs\ B{Kln¡pópthm AhÄ¡pÅ tlmahn[n Cu ]dªXp{]Imcsañmw XsóbmIpóp. Fómð ]cn_Àlw AXmbXv Bk\w, hncn¸v, hkv{Xw, ]pjv]w apXembh A`nejnX ]p{XhÀ®m\pktcWbpÅXmbncn¡Ww.

iq{Zkv{XobmsW¦nð tZhX, Aán, {_mÒW³ Kpcp, X]kzn, kn²³ Fónhsc tIhew \akv¡cn¨mð am{Xw aXn. CjvSk´m\ em`apïmIpw.

GtXXv kv{Xo GtXXv hn[¯nepÅ ]p{Xs\ B{Kln¡pópthm AXmXv hn[¯nepÅ kv{XobpsS B ]pt{XÑsb a\Êmem¡nbn«v AXnó\pkcn¨ P\§Ä hkn¡pó tZi¯nse P\§sf a\Ênð Nn´n¡phm³ ]dbWw. GtXXv kv{Xo GtXXv tZi¯nse a\pjyÀ¡\pcq]amb ]p{Xs\ B{Kln¡pópthm AXmXv P\§fptSXmb BlmcþhnlmcþD]Nmcþhkv{X ]cn[m\mZnIÄ ioen¡phm³ ]dbWw. C{]Imcw B{Kln¡pó hn[¯nepÅ k´mt\mev]mZ\w DïmIphm\pÅ kar²nIcamb Cu apgph³ {]hÀ¯ntbbpw hnhcn¡s¸«p.

Fómð icoc¯n\v hÀ®hntijw DïmIphm³ tað]dª IÀ½w am{Xw aXnbmIpóXñ. tXtPm[mXphpw Pe[mXphpw BImi[mXphpw an¡hmdpw KuchÀ®s¯ Dïm¡póXmIpóp. ]rYnho[mXphpw hmbp[mXphpw an¡hmdpw Idp¸v hÀ®s¯ Dïm¡póXmIpóp. an¡hmdpw Fñm [mXp¡fpw kaambncpómð iymahÀ®s¯ Dïm¡póXmbncn¡pw.

]ôalm`qX§Ä¡v ChnsS ]dª hn[¯nð B[nIyapïmbmð AXmXnó\pkcn¨ hn[¯nepÅ k´m\§Ä DïmIpóXmbncn¡pw.

]nsó a\Ên\v hyXymkw DïmIpóXv AXmXv PohnbpsS amXm]nXm¡òmcpsS a\ØnXn¡\pkcn¨pw KÀ`nWn \nc´cw tI«psImïncn¡pó kw`mjW§Ä¡\pkcn¨pw ]qÀÆPòmÀÖnX IÀ½^e¯nó\pkcn¨pw BIpóp.

Cu ]dª hn[n{]Imcw kwkvIrXamb icoct¯mSpIqSnb kv{Xobpw ]pcpj\pw ]ckv]cw tNÀópÅ ssaYp\¯nð tZmjclnXamb ip{Iw tZmjclnXamb KÀ`mib¯nðh¨p tZmjclnXamb càt¯mSv tNÀómð \nÝbambpw k´mt\mev]mZ\w DïmIpw. F{]Imcsaómðþ ]cnip²amb hkv{X¯nð GXv hÀ®w ap¡nbmepw B hÀ®w hyàambpw tim`n¡póXmbncn¡pw. hkv{Xw ip²asñ¦nð hÀ®hpw tim`n¡póXñ. AXpt]mseXsó ]mð ssXtcmSp tNÀómð ]mð Xsâ kz`mhs¯ hn«p ssXcmbn¯ocpóXpt]mse ip¢w càhpambn tNÀómð KÀ`ambn ]cnWan¡póXmbncn¡pw.

C{]Imcw DïmIpó KÀ`w kv{Xotbm ]pcpjt\m Bbn¯ocphm\pÅ ImcWw ap¼v AXpeytKm{Xobm²ymb¯nð ]dªn«pïv. ip{I_mlpeymð ]pam³ BÀ¯h _mlpeymð kv{Xo CXn kp{iptX.

Fómð F{]Imcw tZmjclnXamb ip{ItimWnX§Ä AXmXnsâ {]IrXn¡\pkcn¨ hn[¯nð Dð]mZn¸n¡pópthm AXmbXv s\ñv \«mð s\ñpw bhw \«mð bhhpw A{]Imcw kv{Xobpw ]pcpj\pw B ]dbs¸« ImcW¯nó\pkcn¨pïmIpóp. AXmbXv cà_mlpeymð kv{Xobpw ip¢_mlpeymð ]pcpj\pw DïmIpóp. AñmsX cà_mlpeymð ]pcpj\pw ip¢_mlpeymð kv{Xobpw DïmIpóXñ.

KÀ`w [cn¨mð kv{Xotbm ]pcpjt\m Fóv hyàamIpóXn\v ap¼v thtZmàhn[n{]ImcapÅ IÀ½w thïXpt]mse {]tbmKn¨mð CjvSm\pkcWapÅ k´m\ amäs¯ Dïm¡mhpóXmWv. AXmbXv ]p{Xm¦pcamsW¦nð I\ym¦pct¯bpw I\ym¦pcamsW¦nð ]p{Xm¦pct¯bpw B¡n¯oÀ¡mhpóXmWv. Fómð ip`tZiw ip`Imew apXembhbv¡\pkcn¨p sN¿pó IÀ½w sImïv Dt±in¡pó hn[¯nepÅ CjvS^ew DïmIpw. AtZiw, AImew apXembhbv¡\pkcn¨ IÀ½w sImïv A\njvS^ew DïmhpIbpw sN¿pw. AXpsImïv KÀ`w [cn¨n«psïóv a\Ênembmð kv{Xotbm ]pcpjt\m Fóv hyàamIpóXn\p ap¼v B kv{Xo¡v ]pwkh\auj[w sImSp¡Ww.

tKmimebnð Dïmb Bðhr£¯nsâ Ing¡pw hS¡pw t]mb imJbnð\nóv tISp]mSpIsfmópanñm¯ cïv A¦pcw FSp¯p AXpt]mseXsó tISpIsfmópanñm¯ cïv Dgpóv ]cnt¸m shÅ¡SptIm FSp¯p ssXcnðtNÀ¯p ]q¿w \£{X¯nð IpSn¡Ww. CXpt]mseXsó PohIw, CShIw, ISemSn, Icn¦pdnªn Ch Hmtcmómtbm Cucïmtbm aqópw IqSntbm \meps# Hcpan¨ptNÀt¯m CjvSm\pkcWw Ac¨p ]menð tNÀ¯p Im¨n ]q¿w \£{X¯nð IpSn¡Ww. AXpt]mseXsó IpUyIoShpw aÕytIm{Zhpw Hcp ssI¡pSóbnð sImÅpó shůnð Ac¨p ]q¿w \£{X¯nð IpSn¡Ww. (Cu IpUyIoSIhpw aÕytIm{Zhpw ]ecpw ]ehn[¯nð ]dªpImWpóXpsImïv AXv F´msWóv icnbmb \nÝbanñm¯Xn\mð ChnsS AXpt]mse Xsó ]dªXmIpóp.) F{]ImcwXsó kzÀ®w, shÅn, Ccp¼v ChbntesX¦nepw sImïpïm¡nb AWp{]mb¯nepÅ ]pcpjcq]s¯ Xo¿nen«p AánhÀ®ambmseSp¯p Hcp ssI¡pSóbnð sImÅpó ssXcntem ]mentem shůntem C«v AXv apgph³ ]q¿w \£{X¯nð IpSn¡Ww. ]q¿w \£{X¯nðXsó Acn Ac¨p thhn¨p AXnsâ NqSpÅ Bhn izkn¡pIbpw AXnsâ ck¯nð Xsó XpWnap¡n hoSnsâ ap³his¯ ISve]Snbnð Xesh¨p InSóp hes¯ aq¡nð kzbw Dän¡pIbpw thWw. ]pcpjk´m\w P\n¡phm\pÅ hn[n C{]ImcapïmIpóp. kv{Xo k´m\amWv thïsX¦nð CSs¯ aq¡nð Dän¡Ww. Cu ]dªXv IqSmsX {_mÒWtcm aäv BNmcyòmtcm asäs´ñmw ]pkh\{Inb ]dªn«ptïm Ahbpw CjvSm\pkcWw A\pjvSn¡mhpóXmWv.

Cu ]pwk]\{Inb kp{ipXw imcoc¯nepw AjvSmwK kw{Klw imcoc¯nepw CXnepw IqSpXembn hnhcn¨n«pïv.

C\n KÀ`Øm]\§fmb Huj[§sf hnhcn¡mw. sF{µo, {_mÒo, iXhocym, (ZpÀÆmZzbw) AtamtLm (]mSem AYhm e£vaWm) Ahy[m (ISp¡) inhm (ISp¡, aªÄ) AcnjvSm (\mK_em) hmSy]pjv]o (alm_em), hnizIv tk\Im´m (]ón¡ng§v) Fóo Huj[§sf incÊntem hes¯ I¿ntem [cn¡Ww. Cu Huj[§Ä tNÀ¯p Im¨nb ]mtem s\t¿m IpSn¡Ww Cu Huj[§fn«p Im¨nb shÅwsImïv Fñm ]q¿w \£{X¯nepw Ipfn¡Ww. Cu Huj[§sf Ft¸mgpw kv]Àin¡Ww. AXpt]mseXsó Poh\ob KW¯nð ]dª Fñm Hj[§fpw GtXXv hn[n{]Imcw D]tbmKn¡mtam B hn[n{]Imcsañmw D]tbmKn¡mtam B hn[n{]Imcsañmw kZm D]tbmKn¡Ww. C{]Imcw KÀ`Øm]\uj[§sf hnhcn¡s¸«p.

sF{µymZn KÀ`Øm]\ KWhpw Poh\ob KWhpw kq{XØm\¯nð \memw A²ymb¯nð hnhcn¨n«pïv. sF{µn Im«pshÅcnbmsWóv NneÀ hymJym\n¨p ImWpópïv. Im«pshÅcn KÀ`]mX\uj[amWv ]nsó F§ns\ KÀ`Øm\amIpw. At¸mÄ B t]cnð KÀ`Øm]\amb GtXm Znhyuj[apsïóv a\Ênem¡Ww. Cu sF{µymZn Huj[§sf kw_Ôn¨v Hcp GIoIcn¨ A`n{]mbw an¡ hymJymXòmÀ¡pw DÅXmbn¡mWpópñ.

C\n ]dbpó ImcW§Ä KÀ`mibs¯ Dïm¡póXmIpóp. Ip´n¨pw t\scbñmsXbpw ImTn\yapÅXnepw Ccn¡pI, At[mhmXþaq{Xþae thK§sf XSp¡pI, ZmcpWhpw A\pNnXhpamb hymbmaw sN¿pI, AXnXo£vWhpw kv]Ài¯nepw hocy¯nepw AXypjvWhpamb ]ZmÀ°§Ä ioen¡pI Fóo kv{XobpsS KÀ`w hbdnðsh¨pXsó acn¡pItbm Imesa¯msX {]khn¨p t]mIpItbm hbdnð Xsó timjn¨pt]mIpItbm sN¿pw. AXpt]mseXsó A`nLmXw Gev¡pItbm KÀ`mibw FhnsSsb¦nepw sh¨aÀópt]mIpItbm Ipïntem Ipgnbntem hogpItbm Dbc¯nð\nóv Xmsg hogpItbm Dbc¯nð\nóv Xmsg t\m¡pItbm atäm sNbvXmepw Imesa¯msX {]khn¨pt]mIpw. A[nIw Ipep¡apÅ hml\¯nð Ibdn bm{X sNbvXmepw {]nbañm¯ i_vZhpw henb i_vZhpw tI«mepw KÀ`w ]Xn¨pt]mIpw. KÀ`nWn \nc´cw Fgptóev¡pItbm InS¡pItbm sNbvXmð \m`n\mUn KÀ`¯nsâ Igp¯nð Npäs¸SpIbpw Ip«n acn¨pt]mIpIbpw sN¿pw. Xpdó Øe¯v InSópd§pIbpw cm{Xn Npänkôcn¡pIbpw sN¿pó kv{Xo Dò¯ iniphns\ {]khn¡pw. Ft¸mgpw Ieln¨p sImïncn¡pó kv{Xo A]kvamcapÅ iniphns\ {]khn¡pw. KÀ` {]m]vXn¡ptijw \nc´cw ssaYp\w sN¿pó kv{Xo {]khn¡pó iniphns\ icocw timjnt¨m hnIrXamtbm Ccn¡pIbpw kv{Xo kz`mhapÅht\m kv{XohiKXt\m Bbncn¡Ibpw sN¿pw. Ft¸mgpw ZpxJapÅXmb KÀ`hXn {]khn¡pó iniphn\v Ft¸mgpw `bhpw icocw saenªpw Aev]mbpÊmbpw Ccn¡pw. aäpÅhsc t{Zmln¡pó kz`mhapÅ KÀ`nWn aäpÅhÀ¡v ZpxJapïm¡póXpw CuÀjybpÅXpw kv{Xo kz`mhapÅXpw Bb k´m\s¯ {]khn¡pw. Ifhv sN¿pó KÀ`nWn {Iqc\pw NXnb\pw Akqb DÅXpw Bb k´m\s¯ {]khn¡pw. Ft¸mgpw Dd§pó kz`mhapÅ KÀ`nWn aSnb\pw aqÀJ\pw Aev]mánbpÅXpamb k´m\s¯ {]khn¡pw. Ft¸mgpw aZyw IpSn¡pó KÀ`nWn¡v Ft¸mgpw Zmlw IqSpXepÅXpw [mcWmiànbnñm¯Xpw Nn¯ ØncXbnñm¯Xpamb k´m\w DïmIpw. KÀ`nWn DSp¼nsâ amwkw Xnómð Ip«n¡v iÀ¡cmivacntbm iss\Àt½ltam DïmIpw. KÀ`nWn ]ónamwkw Xnómð I®v NphóXpw icocw XSn¨Xpw lnwkm ioeapÅXpw ]cp]cp¯ tcmaapÅXpamb Ip«nsb {]khn¡pw. KÀ`nWn Ft¸mgpw aÕyw XnópóXmbmð AhÄ {]khn¡pó Ip«nbpsS I®v Ft¸mgpw angn¨pXsóbncn¡pw. KÀ`nWn a[pcw IqSpXð D]tbmKn¨mð {]taltcmKamÅtXm aqIt\m AXnØqet\m Bb k´m\w DïmIpw. KÀ`nWn ]pfn IqSpXembp]tbmKn¨mð AhfpsS Ip«n¡v cà]n¯tam XzKv tcmKtam t\{XtcmKtam DïmIpw. D¸v IqSpXep]tbmKn¡póhfpsS Ip«n¡v Pcm\cbpw Ijïnbpw £W¯nð DïmIpw. Fcnhv IqSpXembp]tbmKn¡póhÄ¡v ZpÀ_et\m Aev]hocyapÅht\m k´m\apïmIm¯tXm Bb Ip«n P\n¡pw. Ibv]pckw IqSpXembp]tbmKn¡póhÄ¡v [mXptimjnbpw ZpÀ_et\m Irit\m Bb k´m\apïmIpw. NhÀ¸v ckw IqSpXembp]tbmKn¡póhÄ¡v iymafhÀ®apÅtXm B\mltcmKtam DZmhÀ¯tcmKapÅtXm Bb Ip«n P\n¡pw. GtXXv {Zhyw D]tbmKn¨mð GtXXv tcmKw DïmIpsaóv ]dbs¸Spópthm AXmXv {Zhyw KÀ`nWn D]tbmKn¨mð AXmXnó\pkcn¨ tcmKw iniphnópïmIpóXmbncn¡pw. amXrP\yamb A]NmcwsImïv k´m\¯n\v lm\nbpïmIpsaóv ]dªXpt]mseXsó ]nXrP\yamb A]NmcwsImïv ip¢tZmjw \nan¯ambn k´m\¯n\v lm\nbpïmIpóXmWv. C{]Imcw KÀt`m]LmXIcamb `mh§sf hnhcn¡s¸«p.

AXpsImïv \ñ k´m\w thWsaóm{Kln¡pó kv{Xo hntijn¨pw AlnXamb Blmc hnlmc§sf hÀÖn¡Ww. kZmNmcnWnbmbhÄ lnXIcamb Blmchnlmc§ÄsImïv kzbw ]cn]men¡Ww. (]pcpj\pw CXpt]mseXsó lnXIcamb Blmchnlmc§ÄsImïv _oPip²n Dïmt¡ïXmWv.) KÀ`nWn¡v lnXIcamb Blmchnlmc§sf kp{ipXw imcocw 10þmw A²ymb¯nð hnhcn¨n«pïv.

KÀ`nWn¡v tcmKapïmbmð arZphocy a[pcþioXfþkpJIcþkpIpamc{]mbamb Huj[mlmc hnlmc§ÄsImïp]Ncn¡Ww. KÀ`nWn¡v ha\w. hntcN\w intcmhntcN\w Ch {]tbmKn¡cpXv càtam£Ww sN¿cpXv. B]ð¡camb tcmK§fpsï¦neñmsX Hcp¡epw IjmbhkvXnbpw kvt\lhkvXnbpw sN¿cpXv. F«mw amk¯n\ptijw ha\ hntcN\wsImïv km[nt¡ïXmb ITn\tcmK§sfs´¦nepapïmbmð arZphmb ha\hntcN\tam AYhm XZÀ°nImcn NnInÕtbm sN¿Ww. hntcN\¯n\v KpZ¯nð ^ehÀ¯n sh¡pIbpw ha\¯n\v IhnÄ{Inb sN¿póXpw XYÀ°ImcnbmIpóp. ssXew \nd¨ ]m{Xw ssIhiw sh¨mð CfInbmð ssXew ]pdt¯¡v t]mIpóXpt]mse KÀ`nWnsb NnInÕn¡pt¼mÄ A]mIX kw`hn¨mð KÀ`]mX\¯n\nSbmIpw.

A]°y ioewsImïv KÀ`nWn¡v cïmat¯tbm aqómat¯tbm amk¯nð cPx {kmhapïmIpIbmsW¦nð B KÀ`w \nð¡póXsñódnbWw. ImcWw B Ime§fnð KÀ`w kmch¯mbn¯ocpóXñ.

KÀ`nWn \memas¯ amkw apXð t{Im[w, ZpxJw, Akqb, CuÀjy, `bw, t]Sn, ssaYp\w, hymbmaw, icoct£m`w, aeþaq{XmZn thK[mcWw, hnjaib\w, hnjacq]¯nð \nð¡pI. hnjacq]¯nð Ccn¡pI, AXnbmbn hni¸v kln¡pI Fónh \nan¯amtbm AXnXo£vW þ AXypjvW \nµXmlmcmZnIÄ \nan¯amtbm cPx{kmhw ImWpóXmbncn¡pw. A§ns\bpÅ KÀ`nWnbpsS KÀ`Øm]\ hn[n D]tZin¨pXcmw. cPx{kmhw Iïmð AhtfmSv arZpXzapÅXpw kpJIcambn«pÅXpw ioXfhpamb hncn¸nð Xe Aev]w Xmgv¯n Imð Aev]w DbÀ¯n InS¡m³ ]dbWw. Cc«na[pc NqÀ®hpw s\¿pw Gähpw XWp¯ shůnð tNÀ¯p AXnð XpWn ap¡n AhfpsS tbm\nbnð sh¡Ww. \mev]macsh® \m`n¡v Imgw apgph\pambn \ñh®w ]pc«Ww. XWp¯ ]mðsImtïm Cc«n a[pcIjmbwsImtïm \yt{Km[mZn KWIjmbw sImtïm \m`n¡p Xmsg [mcsN¿Ww. AYhm XWp¯ shůnð ap¡nbncp¯pItbm thWw. \mev]mac¯ntâtbm NhÀ¸v ckapÅ hr£¯ntâtbm kzck¯nð XpWn ap¡n tbm\nbnð [cn¡Ww. AYhm \yt{Km[mZn KpWIjmbw tNÀ¯p Im¨nb ]mtem s\t¿m ap¡nb XpWn (]nNp) tbm\nbnð [cn¡Ww. AYhm CXnð\nóv aqóv Igôv tkhn¡pItbm tIhew £ockÀ¸nÊv tkhn¡pItbm sN¿Ww. shůmac, \oe¯mac, sN´mac ChbpsS Añn tX\pw ]ôkmcbpw tNÀ¯p telmÀ°w sImSp¡Ww. irwKmSIw, Xmac¡pcp, Ibnap¯§ Ch Xnóm³ sImSp¡Ww. Rmhð¸qhv, \oe¯mac¡ng§v, A¯n¡mb, Ben³sam«v Ch B«n³]menð ]mð¡jmbapïm¡n IpSn¡m³ sImSp¡Ww. Ipdpt´m«nthcv, B\¡pdpt´m«nthcv, sNsóñn³thcv, \hcthcv, Icn¼n³thcv, ImtImfn Chbn«p Im¨nb ]menð sNsóñcnbn«p tNmdpïm¡n tX\pw ]ôkmcbpw tNÀ¯p sImSp¡Ww. Cu tNmdp \ñh®w thhn¨pw KÔ{Zhyw tNÀ¯pw XWp¸n¨pw sImSp¡Ww. AYhm emh¸£n, Xn¯nc¸£n, IpcwKam³, iw_cam³, apbð, lcnWw, GWw, Ime]pÑIw (Ch aqópw am³ XsóbmIpóp.) ChbpsS amkck¯nð s\¿v tNÀ¯p AXpw Iq«n sNóñcnt¨mdv kpJ{]Zhpw ioXfhpw \ñ ImäpÅXpamb Øe¯ncpóp cà{kmhapÅ KÀ`nWn D®Ww. AXpt]mseXsó t{Im[w, timIw, icocmbmkw, ssaYp\w, hymbmaw Chbnð\nóv c£n¡pIbpw thWw. kuayambn«pÅXpw at\m\pIqeambn«pÅXpamb IYIÄsImïv AhfpsS a\Êns\ c£n¡Ww. Cu hn[¯nseñmw sNbvXmð AhfpsS KÀ`w ]Xn¨pt]mImsX \nð¡póXmbncn¡w.

KÀ`nWn¡v \memas¯ amkwapXð BatZmjP\yamb ImcWw \nan¯w cà{kmhapïmIpIbmsW¦nð an¡hmdpw B cà{kmhw KÀ`s¯ \in¸n¡póXmbncn¡pw. ImcWw BatZmj NnInÕbpw KÀ`Øm]\ NnInÕbpw ]ckv]cw hncp²amIpóp. AXmbXv BatZmj¯n\v DjvWXo£vWmZn NnInÕ sN¿Ww. Fómð Cu NnInðk cà{kmhs¯ hÀ²n¸n¡pIbpw KÀ`]mX\apïm¡pIbpw sN¿pw. KÀ`Øm]\¯n\pthïn ioX arZp BZn NnInðk sN¿pt¼mÄ BatZmjw hÀ²n¡pIbpw cà{kmhw hÀ²n¡pIbpw Xónan¯w KÀ`]mX\apïmIpIbpw sN¿pw.

KÀ`w hfÀóp hepXmbmð KÀ`nWnbpsS DjvWXo£vWmZn {Zhy§fpsS D]tbmKw sImïv cà{kmhtam aäv hn[¯nepÅ tbm\n {kmhtam Dïmbmð AhfpsS KÀ`w ]nsó hfcpóXñ. A§ns\bpÅ {kmhw \nan¯w KÀ`w thïXpt]mse hfcmbvIbmð AYhm timjn¡pIbmð bYmkabw {]khn¡msX KÀ`mib¯nðXsó \nð¡póXmbncn¡pw. Imem´c¯nð KÀ`w ]pjnSns¸SpIbpw {]khn¡pIbpw sN¿pw. CXn\v Nne BNmcyòmÀ D]hnjvSKÀ`w Fóv ]dbpóp.

D]hmk {hXIÀ½§Ä XpSÀóp ioen¡pIbpw cqt£mjvWmZn IðknXmlmcw ioen¡pIbpw LrXssXemZnIÄ D]tbmKn¡mXncn¡pIbpw hmXw tIm]n¡pó Blmcw ioen¡pIbpw sN¿pó KÀ`nWnbpsS KÀ`w hfcpóXñ. ImcWw KÀ`nWnbpsS [mXptimjw \nan¯w KÀ`w ipjvIn¡póXpsImïv B KÀ`hpw {]khnt¡ï kab¯v {]khn¡msX KÀ`mib¯nð Xsó A[nIImew \nð¡póXmbncn¡pw. CXnð kv]µ\w IqSpXembpïmIpw. AXns\ \mtKmZcw Fóv ]dbpóp.

D]hnjvSI¯n\pw \mtKmZc¯n\pw DÅ NnInÕ D]tZin¨pXcmw. `uXnIw AXmbXv `qtXm³amZm]kvamc ia\mb hXmKpKpeymZn {Zhy§Ä Poh\obKWw, _rwlWobKWw, a[pcKWw, hmXlcuj[§Ä Ch tNÀ¯pIm¨nb s\¿v D]tbmKn¡Ww. \mtKmZc¯nemIs« tbm\nhym]¯nð \nÀt±in¨ ]mepw Ba KÀ`¯n\v ]dª Huj[§fpw aäv KÀ`hr²nIcamb {]tbmK§fpw ioen¡Ww. \ñ hni¸psï¦nð Cu ]dª Huj[§Ä tNÀ¯pIm¨nb s\¿v tNÀ¯p Blmcw Ign¡pIbpw thWw. \nc´cw hml\w, IpXnc, H«Iw apXembhbnð IbdnbpÅ khmcnbpw kvXm\m`ywKmZn Ah amÀÖ\hpw {]nbmizmk hN\mZn AhPrw`Whpw ioen¡Ww.

KÀ`nWn¡v F«mas¯ amk¯nð DZmhÀ¯tcmKapïmbn«v ae_ÔapïmIpIbmsW¦nð AXv kvt\lhkvXnsImïv ian¡pIbnsñóv a\Ênembmð AhnsS IjmbhkvXn sN¿Ww. ImcWw AhnsS DZmhÀ¯¯n\v NnInÕ sNbvXnsñ¦nð B DZmhÀ¯w s]s«óv KÀ`t¯bpw KÀ`nWntbbpw IqSntbm AYhm KÀ`t¯tbm \in¸n¡póXmbncn¡pw.

DZmhÀ¯\miI\ncqlw þ cma¨w, sNsóñn³ thcv, hcns\ñn³thcv, Ipithcv, Imi þ C£p_menI (C£pt`Zw), hªnthcv, Bäv hªnthcv, ]qXW¡v, sImSp¯qhthcv, IapZn³ thcv, Nnäo´ð, Cc«na[pcw, ap´ncn§ ChsbñmwIqSn ]IpXn shÅw tNÀ¯ ]menð Ijmbw shs¨Sp¯p AXnð apcÄ ac¡mbbpsS aÖbpw FÅpw Ac¨p tNÀ¯p Aev]w D¸pw tNÀ¯p sNdpNqSnð hkvXn sN¿Ww. Cu hkvXnsImïv AhfpsS ae_Ôw amdnbmð NqSnshůnð Ipfn¸n¨p KÀ`Øm]\Ichpw hnZmls¯ DïmIm¯Xpamb Blmcw sImSp¯p sshIptócw Cc«na[pcw C«p Im¨nb ssXewsImïv kvt\lhkvXn sN¿Ww. At[mapJnbmbn InS¡póhsf kvt\lhkvXnsImïpw IjmbhkvXnsImïpw D]Ncn¡Ww.

arXKÀ` kv{Xo e£Ww þ tZmj§Ä AXnbmbn hÀ²n¡pIsImtïm Xo£vtWmjvW{Zhy§Ä AXnbmbn ioen¡pIsImtïm At[mhmX aq{X aemZnthK§sf XSp¡pIsImtïm hnjami\wsImtïm hnjacq]¯nð InS¡pI, Ccn¡pI, apXembhsImtïm hbcv FhnsSsb¦nepw sh¨aÀóp t]mIpIsImtïm A`nLmXwsImtïm t{Im[w, ZpxJw, CuÀjy, Akqb, `bw, t]Sn apXembhsImtïm aäv kmlk{]hÀ¯nIÄsImtïm KÀ`mib¯nð h¨p KÀ`w acn¨pt]mIpóXmbncn¡pw. A§ns\bpÅ kv{XobpsS hbcv kvXnanXambpw (XpWn \\¨n«Xpt]msebpw) kvXw`n¨pw hoÀ¯pw XWp¯pw DÅnð IñpÅXpt]msebpancn¡pw. kv]µ\w DïmIpóXñ, iqethZ\ IqSpXembncn¡pw. {]khthZ\ DïmIpóXñ. bmsXmcphn[ tbm\n{kmhhpw DïmIpóXñ. AhfpsS I®n\v inYneXbpïmIpw. I®ncp«Sbv¡pw, ZpJapïmIpw. XeNpäepïmIpw. izmkKXn IqSpXepïmIpw. AcXnbpïmIpw. AhÄ¡v aeaq{XmZnthK§Ä DïmIpóXñ C{]ImcapÅ e£W§tfmSpIqSnb kv{Xosb hbcnðsh¨p Ip«n acn¨pt]mbhfmsWódnbWw.

arXKÀ` NnInðk þ B arXKÀ`cq]¯nepÅ ieys¯ PcmbpklnXw Huj[ {]tbmKw sImïv ]pdt¯¡v IfbWw Fóv Nne BNmcyòmÀ ]dbpóp. Nne BNmcyòmÀ AYÀÆthZ¯nð ]dª a{´§ÄsImïv ]pdt¯¡v hcp¯Ww Fóp ]dbpóp. \ñ ]cnNbapÅ ikv{X{Inbm hnZKv²òmÀ ikv{X{Inb sNbvX arXKÀ`s¯ FSp¯pIfbWw Fóv aäv Nne BNmcyòmÀ ]dbpóp. AXmbXv Hj[{]tbmK§Ä sImïpw a{´{]tbmK§Ä sImïpw arXKÀ`s¯ ]pdt¯¡v hcp¯phm³ km[n¨nsñ¦nð ikv{X{Inb sNbvXp ]pdt¯s¡Sp¡Ww.

iey§fnð h¨p apJyamb ieyw KÀ`ieyamWv AXv DSs\ ]pdt¯s¡Sp¯p IfbWw FómWv ikv{X{Inbm hnZKv²\mb kp{ipXmNmcyaXw KÀ`ieyamlmcymWw. CXn.

BaKÀ`apÅXmb kv{XobpsS KÀ`]m{X¯nepÅ ieyw ]pct¯¡v t]mbmð DSs\Xsó KÀ`mib ip²n¡mbpw thZ\sb hnkvacn¡phm\pw {]kóX DïmIphm\pw AhÄ¡v sshZysâ kmaÀ°y¯n\\pkcn¨v kpcm, ko[p, AcnjvSw, a[p, aZnc, Bkhw Fóo aZy§fntesX¦nepw sImSp¡Ww. AXn\ptijw _rwlWobhpw icoc_es¯ c£n¡póXpw Fómð kvt\l{Zhyw tNÀ¡m¯Xpamb bhmKp, hnte]n apXembh sImSp¡Ww. Cu hn[¯nepÅ Blmcw ¢nóamb tZmj¯n\v timjw hcpóXphsc Xmev¡menIambn am{Xsa sImSp¡phm³ ]mSpÅq. AXn\ptijw kvt\l]m\w, kvt\lhkvXn, kv\nKv²XbpÅ Blmcw apXembhsImïpw Zo]\obhpw Poh\obhpw _rwlWobhpw a[pcckapÅXpw hmXlcambn«pÅXpambhsImïpw D]Ncn¡Ww.

KÀ`w Ft¸mÄ KÀ`mib¯nðsh¨p acn¨pt]mIpópthm At¸mÄ AXn\v ieyw Fóv ]dbpóp. ImcWw Cu KÀ`ieyw IqSpXð kabw KÀ`mib¯nð \nópt]mIpIbmsW¦nð AXv KÀ`nWnbpsS acW¯n\v ImcWambn¯ocpóXmWv.

amkw XnIªn«v Ip«n KÀ`mib¯nð h¨p acn¨p t]mIpIbpw ]nóoSv AXns\ Huj[w sImtïm a{´wsImtïm ikv{X{InbsImtïm ]pdt¯s¡Sp¡pIbpw sNbvXmð AópXsó kvt\tlm]Nmcw sNt¿ïXmIpóp.

At¸mÄ amkw XnIbm¯ KÀ`mib¯nð h¨p acn¨pt]mb Ip«nsb ]pdt¯s¡Sp¯mð ¢nóamb tZmjw tijn¡póhsc kvt\tlm]Nmcw sN¿cpsXóv taev]dªXv {]tXyIw {i²nt¡ïXmWv.

C\n hnImc§sfmópanñmsX hfÀóphcpóXmb KÀ`¯n\v Hmtcm amkhpw sNt¿ïpó hn[n D]tZin¨pXcmw. KÀ`w [cn¨n«psïóv kwibw tXmónbmð Aóv apXð cmhnse `£W¯n\v ap¼mbn Huj[§sfmópan«p kwkv¡cn¡m¯ XWp¯ ]mð DNnXamb am{Xambnð IpSn¡Ww. cmhntebpw sshIptóchpw kmßyamb Blmcw Ign¡pIbpw thWw.

cïmas¯ amk¯nð a[pcuj[§fn«pIm¨nb ]mð IpSn¡Ww. cïpt\chpw kmßymlmcw Ign¡pIbpw thWw. CXv Fñm amkhpw ioent¡ïXmWv.

aqómas¯ amk¯nð ]mð tX\pw s\¿pw tNÀ¯p sImSp¡Ww.

\memas¯ amk¯nð ]menð\nsóSp¯ sh® Hcp Igôv XnóWw. AYhm ]mð IpSn¡pIbpw thWw.

Aômas¯ amk¯nð ]menð s\¿v tNÀ¯p IpSn¡Ww. AYhm ]menð\nsóSp¡pó s\¿v D]tbmKn¡Ww.

Bdmas¯ amk¯nð a[pcuj[§fn«pIm¨nb £ockÀ¸nÊv D]tbmKn¡Ww.

Bdmas¯ amk¯nð ]dªXpt]mseXsó Ggmas¯ amk¯nepw sN¿Ww.

Ggmas¯ amk¯nð KÀ`¯n\v XeapSn DïmIpt¼mÄ amXmhn\v hnZmlw DïmIpóp Fóp kv{XoIÄ ]dbpóp. AXv icnbsñómWv Bt{Xb `Khm³ ]dbpóXv. (ImcWw aqómas¯ amk¯nð AwK{]XywK§Ä DïmIpt¼mÄXsó incÊnð tcmahpw DïmIpóXmWv.) hnZmlw DïmIpósX´psImsïómð KÀ`w hfcpt¼mÄ DZc¯nð Dð]oU\apïmIpóXpsImïv hmXþ]n¯þI^§Ä DcÊnð {]m]n¨n«mWv hnZmls¯ Dïm¡póXv. Cu hnZmlw sImïv hbcnð sNmdn¨ð DïmIpóp. Cu sNmdn¨ðsImïv DZcNÀ½¯nð Iodð DïmIpóp (Striagravidarum) Fóv ]dbpóp.

In¡nk NnInÕ þ sNmdn¨ntem In¡nktam Dïmbmð AhÄ¡v a[pcuj[§Ä tNÀ¯p Im¨nb sh® aqóv Igôn sImSp¯p A\p]m\ambn e´¡pcphnsâ Ijmbw sImSp¡Ww. CXv cmhnse cmhnse sImSp¡Ww. Nµ\hpw Xmachfbpw IqSn Ac¨p AhfpsS kvX\§fnepw DZc¯nepw tX¡Ww. Asñ¦nð s\tò\nhmIs¯men, XmXncn¸qhv, ISpIv, Cc«na[pcw ChbpsS NqÀ®tam ISI¸mebcn, Xpfknbcn, ap¯§, aªÄ Ch Ac¨tXm th¸n³sXmen, e´¡pcp, Xpfknbcn, aô«nt¡mev Ch Ac¨tXm ]rjXw (lcnWhntijw) am³, apbð ChbpsS cà¯nð {Xn^emNqÀ®w tNÀt¯m kvX\§fnepw DZc¯nepw ]pc«Ww. Ichoc ]{X¯nsâ kzck¯nð Im¨nb ssXewsImïv kvX\§fnepw DZc¯nepw A`ywKw sN¿Ww. ]n¨I¸qhpw Cc«na[pchpw sImïv th¨ Ijmbw [mc sN¿Ww. s#ón«pw sNmdn¨nð DïmIpIbmsW¦nð sImen Iodhpw sshcq]yhpw DïmImXncn¡m\mbn sNmdnbmXncn¡phm³ {i²n¡Ww. sNmdn¨nð kln¡m³ IgnbmsX hómð ssIsImtïm XpWnsImïv Dcknbn«v sNmdn¨nens\ ]cnlcn¡Ww. hmXlchpw a[pcck{][m\hpamb Blmcw Aev]mev]w sImSp¡Ww. Blmc¯nð s\¿pw D¸pw Aev]w tNÀ¡pIbpw thWw. Blmcw Ign¡pt¼mÄ shÅhpw Aev]wam{Xw IpSn¡pIbpw thWw.

F«mas¯ amk¯nemIs« ]mð¡ªnbnð s\¿v tNÀ¯v BlmcIme¯v IpSn¡Ww. AXv \ñXsñóv `{ZIm]y³ ]dªp. ImcWw KÀ`¯nsâ hÀ®w ]nwKfambnt]mIpw. Atócw Bt{Xb`Khm³ ]dªp KÀ`¯nsâ hÀ®w ]nwKfambns¡mÅs« AXv hnNmcn¨p ]mð¡ªn IpSn¡mXncn¡cpXv. ImcWw £ocbhmKp {]tbmKw sImïv BtcmKyw, _ew, hÀ®{]kmZw, kzcw, icocLS\ Chsbñmw Gähpw t{ijvTambncn¡pIbpw A§ns\ \ñ k´m\w P\n¡pIbpw sN¿pw. (Aev]tZmjapïmIpsaóp IcpXn _lptZmjapïmIphm\nSbm¡cpsXómWv Bt{XbaXw).

H¼Xmas¯ amk¯nð KÀ`nWn¡v a[pcuj[§fn«pIm¨nb ssXewsImïv kvt\lhkvXn sN¿Ww. KÀ`\nÀ¤aamÀ¤¯n\v kv\nKv²X hcp¯phm³ Cu ssXew Xsó ioebnð \\¨p (]nNp) tbm\nbnð [cn¡pIbpw thWw.

Hómas¯ amkw apXð H¼Xmas¯ amkw hsc sN¿m³ ]dª Cu IÀ½§Ä sNbvXmð AXpsImïv KÀ`nWn¡v KÀ`\nÀ¤a kab¯pw KÀ`[mcW kab¯pw Ip£n, ISn, ]mÀiz`mKw, ]rjvS`mKw Fóo Øm\§fnð amÀ±hw DïmIpw. hmbp A\ptemaamIpw. aeaq{X§Ä {]IrXymXsó bYmkab¯v ]pdt¯¡v t]mIpw. AXmbXv ae_Ôtam AXnkmctam Hópw DïmIpóXñ. sXmen¡pw \J¯n\pw amÀ±hapïmIpw. _ehpw hÀ® {]kmZhpw DïmIpIbpw sN¿pw. BtcmKyt¯mSpIqSnb D¯a k´m\s¯ bmsXmcp hnjaahpw IqSmsX bYmkab¯v {]khn¡póXpambncn¡pw.

kqXnImKrlw þ H¼Xmw amk¯n\pap¼mbn KÀ`nWn¡pthïn kqXnImKmcw Dïm¡Ww. AØn, Iñv, HmSv Chsbmópanñm¯ tZi¯v \ñ cq] ck KÔ§tfmSpIqSnb `qanbnð Ingt¡m hSt¡m apJambn Iqhfw, ]\n¨n, HmSacw, tNdpacw, \oÀamXfw, Icn§men FónhbntesX¦nepw acwsImïv hoSpïm¡Ww. IqSmsX AYÀÆthZadnbpó {_mÒWsâ \nÀt±i¯nó\pkcn¨pw hoSpïm¡mhpóXmWv. Cu kqXnImKmcw \ñ hkv{Xw sImïv ad¨Xpw taem¸v sI«nbXpw Bbncn¡Ww. \new hr¯nbpÅXmbncn¡Ww hmkvXphnZym hn[n{]ImcapÅ AánØm\w, PeØm\w, Dcðsh¡phm\pÅ Øm\w, I¡qkv, Ipfnapdn, ASp¡f Chbpw Dïmbncn¡Ww. AXmXrXphnó\pkcn¨ kpJw In«póXpw Bbncnt¡ïXmWv.

kqXnImKmc¯nð s\¿v, F®, tX³, C´p¸v, kuhÀ¨e ehWw, Imcp¸v, hngmecn, iÀ¡c, sIm«w, tZhXmcw, Np¡v, Xn¸en, Im«pXn¸enthcv, A¯n¯n¸en, ap¯nÄ, Ge¯cn, tat¯món¡ng§v, hb¼v, Im«papfIv, sImSpthcn¡ng§v, Bhnð¯ncn, Imbw, ISpIv, shfp¯pÅn, tXäm¦pcp, PocIw, apª, IS¼v, Aekn, IpcpapfIv, ]qXW¡v, apXnc, ssatcbaZyw, kpcm Bkhw Ch Dïmbncn¡Ww. cïv A½n¡ñv, cïv De¡, cïv Dcð, Hcp IgpX, Hcp Imf, kzÀ®wsImïpw shÅnsImïpw Dïm¡nb cïv kqNnbpwAXv sh¡pó ]m{Xhpw, Ccp¼v sImïpïm¡nb \ñ aqÀ¨bpÅ ikv{Xw, IqhfwsImïpïm¡nb cïv I«nð, I¯n¡phm³ ]\n¨nbptSbpw HSac¯ntâbpw hndIv Fónhbpïmbncn¡Ww. [mcmfw {]khn¨ kv{XoIÄ Dïmbncn¡Ww. AhÀ ssa{Xo`mhapÅhcpw A\pcmKapÅhcpw {]khmNmc§Ä sN¿póXnð kmaÀ°yapÅhcpw IÀ½IuieyapÅhcpw \ñ kz`mhapÅhcpw ZpxJanñm¯hcpw F´v t¢ihpw kln¡phm³ X¿mdpÅhcpw Bbncn¡Ww. kqXnImKmc¯nð AYÀÆ thZadnbpó {_mÒWcpw Dïmbncn¡Ww. asäs´ñmw ]ZmÀ°§Ä BhiyamtWm Ahbpw {_mÒWcpw hr²kv{XoIfpw ]dbpó {Zhy§fpw Dïmbncnt¡ïXmWv.

kqXnImKmc \nÀ½mWm\´cw H¼Xmas¯ amk¯nð XnYn, \£{Xw, IcWw, aplqÀ¯w apXembh Gähpw ip`ambn«pÅ Znhkw im´n]mTw sNmñnbn«v ]ip, {_mÒW³, Aán, Pew Chsb BZyw kqXnImKmc¯nð {]thin¸n¡Ww. Fón«v ]iphn\v ]pñpw shÅhpw tX\pw aecpw sImSp¡Ww. Bk\Ø\mb {]mÒWs\ BNa\w sNbvXp DW§ecn, ]pjv]w, \mµnapJ^ew (arZwKmIrXnbpÅ Cu¯¸gw apXembh) Ch sImSp¯p A`nhmZ\w kzoIcn¨p hoïpw BNa\w sNbvXp BioÀÆmZw hm§Ww. AXn\ptijw ]pWymlw sNbvXpsImïv ]iphnt\bpw {_mÒWtâbpw ]nónð \Sóp {]Z£nWw sh¨p kqXnImKmc¯nð {]thin¡Ww. {]khImes¯ {]Xo£n¨p Cu kqXnImKmc¯nð Xmakn¡pIbpw thWw.  

{]khIme kab e£Ww þ {]kh kabaSp¯mð KÀ`nWn¡v Cu ]dbpó e£W§Ä DïmIpw. Ahbh§Ä¡v inYneX, apJ¯n\v hm«w, I®n\v inYneX, s\ônð\nóv _Ô\w hn«Xpt]mse tXmópI. hbcev]w XmgpI At[m`mK¯v KpcpXzw, hw£Ww, hkvXn, ISn, Ip£n, ]mÀiz`mKw, ]rjvT`mKw FónhnS§fnð thZ\, tbm\n{kmhw, Blmc¯nð B{KlanñmXncn¡pI FónhbpïmIpw. AXn\ptijw {]khthZ\ XpS§pIbpw KÀ`Pew {khn¡pIbpw sN¿pw.

{]khthZ\ XpS§nbmð arZphmb hncn¸v hncn¨p `qanbnð InS¡Ww. B kab¯v ap³]dªXpt]msebpÅ KpW§tfmSpIqSnb kv{XoIÄ Npäpw IqSnbncpóp lrZb{]nbamb hm¡pIÄ ]dªp Bizkn¸n¡pIbpw kam[m\n¸n¡pIbpw thWw.

{]khthZ\bpïmIphm\pw {]khn¡phm\pw Xmakw t\cnSpIbmsW¦nð Ahsf Fgptóev]n¨p Dcenð [m\yan«p De¡sImïv Ip¯m³ ]dbWw. BhnbnSpt¼mÄ icocw \nhcpóXpt]mse CSbv¡nS¡v B¡phm\pw At§m«pant§m«w \S¡phm\pw ]dbWw. C{]Imcw aäv Nne BNmcyòmÀ ]dbpóp.

B ]dªXv icnbsñóv Bt{Xb `Khm³ ]dªp. KÀ`nWn ZmcpWamb hymbma§sfñmw Ft¸mgpw hÀÖnt¡ïXmsWóp]tZin¡Ww. {]khaSp¯mð hntijn¨pw. ImcWw, B kab¯v kuIpamcyapÅXmb kv{XobpsS Fñm [mXp¡fpw tZmj§fpw Øm\¯nð \nónfInbncn¡pw. Cu Ahkc¯nð De¡sImïv [m\yw Ip¯pó hymbmaw sNbvXmð ehmbp hÀ²n¨p {]mWlm\n hcp¯phm\nSbmIpw. hntijn¨v {]khkab¯v KÀ`nWn¡pÅ NnInðk hfsc ITn\hpamIpóp. AXpsImïv [m\yw De¡sImïv Ip¯pó hymbmaw KÀ`nWn sN¿m³ ]mSnsñóv EjnamÀ ]dbpóp. Fómð tIm«phmbnSpóXpt]msebpw \S¯hpw sN¿mhpóXmIpóp. 

{]khaSp¯ kv{Xo¡v sIm«w, Ge¯cn, tat¯món¡ng§v, hb¼v, sImSpthcn¡ng§v, BhnðsXmen ChbpsS NqÀ®w aW¸n¡m³ sImSp¡Ww, CXv IqS¡qS aW¸n¡pIbpw thWw. AXpt]mseXsó `qÀÖ]{Xw I¯n¨ ]pItbm CcpÄ¡mXð I¯n¨ ]pItbm aW¸n¡pIbpw sN¿mw. CSbv¡nSbv¡v Acs¡«v, ]mÀiz`mKw, ]pdw, XpS Fóo Øm\§fnð Aev]w NqSpÅ ssXew ]pc«n kmh[m\¯nð XShWw. C{]ImcapÅ {]hÀ¯n sImïv KÀ_w Xmtgm«nd§nhcpóXmbncn¡pw.

KÀ`w lrZb`mK¯p\nóv hn«p Xmtgm«nd§n hkvXn incÊnð (aq{Xmib¯nsâ D]cn`mKX¯v) NnSn¨p\nð¡pIbpw thZ\ ITn\ambpïmIpIbpw sN¿póXmbn¡ïmð {]khw DSs\ DïmIpsaóv sshZy³ a\Ênem¡Ww. B AhØbnð Ahsf I«nenð InS¯nbn«v iànbmbn ap¡m³ ]dbWw.

{]kh kabw ASp¯phcpt¼mÄ A\pIqeamb Hcp ""£nXnÀÖew'' Fóv XpS§pó a{´w AhfpsS sNhnbnð a{´n¨p sImSp¡Ww.

{]khkabw ASp¯phcpt¼mÄ KÀ`w DZc¯nð\nóv Xmtgm«nd§póXmbncn¡pw. At¸mÄ AXnsâ `mcw hkvXnincÊnemWpïmIpI. B kabw aq{Xw IqsS¡qsS t]mIpóXmbncn¡pw. At¸mÄ thZ\ ITn\ambpïmhpIbpw sN¿pw. Cu thZ\ KÀ`mib¯nsâ BIpô\w sImïpïmIpóXmWv. Cu {]kh thZ\¡v ""Bhn'' Fóv ]dbpóp. {]khkab¯v cïv hn[¯nepÅ iàn {]hÀ¯n¡pópïv. AXnð Hóv apJyhpw Hóv KuWhpw BIpóp. KÀ`mib¯nse amwkt]inIfpsS Imcyiàn¡v apJy iàn Fópw DZcamwkt]inIfpsS iàn¡v KuWiàn Fópw ]dbpóp. Cu apJyhpw KuWhpamb iànthtijwsImïv amwkt]minIfnð XcwK§Ä DïmIpIhgnbmWv KÀ`w Xmtgm«nd§póXv. A§ns\ KÀ`w Xmtgm«nd§nhcpt¼mÄ KÀ`mib¯n\v BIpô\hpw k¦pNnXhpw BbX\phpw aäpw DïmIpt¼mgmWv thZ\ DïmIpóXv. CXv {]kh¯nsâ BZymhØbnse ØnXnbmWv. cïmas¯ AhØbnð KÀ`w ]pdt¯¡v hcm³ XpS§póXmbncn¡pw. At¸mÄ KÀ` \nÀ¤aamÀ¤¯nemWv ITn\thZ\bpïmIpI. thZ\bpsS B[nIyhpw Aev]Xbpw DïmIpóXv hyànIsf A]2£n¨mbncn¡pw. NneÀ¡v thZ\ hfsc Ipdhmbpw NneÀ¡v hfsc IqSpXembpw IïphcpóXmbncn¡pw. 

{]khw ASp¯Sp¯phcpótXmSpIqSn thZ\ IqSn¡qSn hcnIbpw IqsS¡qsS DïmhpIbpw sN¿pw. BZyamZyw thZ\ 30þsk¡âv hsc DïmIpIbpw 10 Hm 15þHm an\n«v CShn«pïmIpIbpw sN¿pw. Fómð {]khw Gähpw ASp¯ kab¯v 60þHm 90þHm sk¡âv thZ\ \nð¡pIbpw ctïm aqtóm an\n«v CShn«pïmIpIbpw sN¿pw. Cu {Ia¯nð thZ\bpïmbn«v ]nóoSv thZ\¡v Xmakw t\cnSpIbpw aäpw sN¿pIbmsW¦nð AXv KÀ`nWn¡v IjvSs¯ Dïm¡póXmbncn¡pw. 

{]khthZ\ XpS§nbmð ap³]dª KpW§tfmSpIqSnb kv{XoIÄ Npäpw IqSnbncpóp Ahsf Bizkn¸n¡pIbpw AhÄ¡v \nÀt±iw sImSp¡pIbpw thWw. {]khthZ\ Cñm¯ Ahkc¯nð ap¡cpXv, thZ\ Cñm¯t¸mÄ ap¡póXv shdpsX Bbncn¡pw. thZ\ CñmsX ap¡nbmð k´m\¯n\v hnIrXn kw`hn¡pItbm izmkþImkþtim^þ¹olmtcmKmZnIfpïmIpItbm sN¿pw. F{]Imcsaómð Xp½ð, G¼¡w, At[mhmbp, aq{Xw, aew FónhbpsS thK§Ä {]hÀ¯\amImsX {]hÀ¯n¸n¡m³ {ian¨mð DïmIpóXñ. AYhm A§ns\bpïmIpIbmsW¦nð AXv hfsc IjvSambncn¡pIbpw sN¿pw. AXpt]mse {]khthZ\ DïmImsX ap¡nbmð {]khw DïmIpóXñ. thZ\ DïmIpt¼mÄ ap¡mXncpómð {]hÀ¯am\amb £hYzmZn thK§sf XSp¯mseót]mse A]ISambncn¡pIbps# sN¿pw. AXpsImïv AhtfmSv \nÀt±in¡póXnó\pkcn¨p {]hÀ¯n¡m³ ]dbWw. BZyw sasñ sasñ ap¡Ww. A§ns\ Npäpw IqSnbncpó kv{XoIÄ ""{]khn¡póp {]khn¡póp tbmKyamb BIpªns\ {]khn¡póp'' Fóv ]dªpsImïncn¡Ww. A{]Imcw sNbvXmð AhfpsS {]mW³ kt´mjwsImïv kwXr]vXamIpw.

{]khn¨p Ignªmð ]cnNmcnIamÀ Hcp Imcyw {i²nt¡ïXpïv. A]cm (Placenta)]pd¯v htóm Cñtbm Fópw A]c ]pd¯v hónsñ¦nð ]cnNmcnIamcnð GsX¦nepw Hcp kv{Xo hes¯ ssIsImïv {]khn¨ kv{XobpsS \m`n¡p apIfnepw CSs¯ I¿vsImïv ]pd¯pw ]nSn¨p \ñh®w AaÀ¯Ww.

C{]Imcw AaÀ¯pt¼mÄ KÀ`mib¯nsâ ]mÀiz`mKw ]nSn¨pt]mImXncn¡m³ {]tXyIw {i²n¡Ww. ImcWw Unw_{KÙnbnð ]nSn¨aÀ¯nt¸mbmð henb BLmX¯n\nSbmIpw. Cu A]mc]mX\{Inb¡v Dublin Method Asñ¦nð Crede's Method Fóv ]dbpóp.

C{]Imcw sNbvXn«v A]c ]pd¯v hónsñ¦nð AhfpsS Imensâ aS¼v N´nbnð tNÀ¯ph¨p AaÀ¯n ]nSn¡Ww. N´nbnð _eambn ]nSn¡pIbpw thWw. AXn\ptijw AhfpsS XeapSnsImïv sXmïbnepw A®m¡nepw kv]Àin¡Ww. C{]Imcw sNbvXmð KÀ`mib¯n\v BIpô\apïmIpIbpw XZzmcm A]c ]pdt¯¡v hcnIbpw sN¿pw.

`qÀÖ]m{Xw, Ip¸n¡jvWw, ]m¼nsâ D¸nfn Ch Xo¡\enen«v ]pI¨ ]pI tbm\nbnð Gev]n¡Ww. sIm«hpw Xmeok]{Xhpw Ac¨p _ezP (Hcp XrWhntijw) bqj¯ntem ssatcbaZy¯ntem kpcmaWvU¯ntem apXncbpsS Xo£vWamb bqj¯ntem aWvUqI]À®nbpw ]n¸enbpw thhns¨Sp¯ shůntem Ie¡n Ahsf IpSn¸n¡Ww. AXpt]mseXsó Ge¯cn, tZhXmcw, sIm«w, Np¡v, hngmecn, ImcInð, Im«papfIv, Xn¸en, sImSpthcn¡ng§v, IcnôocIw Ch Ac¨tXm Poh\pÅ IgpXbptStbm ImfbptStbm sNhn apdns¨Sp¯c¨tXm _ezPbqjmZnIfnð GsX¦nepw Hóntem Ie¡n Ipd¨p kabw h¨ncpóp B shÅtam IpSn¡m³ sImSp¡Ww. NXpIp¸w, sIm«w ae¦mcbv¡, Imbw Ch tNÀ¯pIm¨nb ssXewsImïv \\¨ XpWn (]nNp) tbm\nbnð [cn¡Ww Cu ssXewsImïv Xsó kvt\lhkvXn sN¿Ww. ap³]dª _ezPbqjmZnIfnð ae¦mcbv¡pw tZhXmfn, Ibv]¨qcw, IpSemSn, ]p«ð]ocw, A¯n¯n¸en Ch Ac¨ptNÀ¯p IjmbhkvXn sN¿Ww. Cu {]tbmKamIs« hmbpsh A\ptemaam¡pIbpw At[mhmXþaq{Xþae§sf ]pdt¯¡v IfbpIbpw sN¿pw. AtXmSpIqSn A]cbpw ]pdt¯¡v t]mIpóXmbncn¡pw. adn¨v A]c XSbs¸«pt]mbmð hmXþaq{Xþae§fpw XSbs¸SpóXmbncn¡pw. AXmbXv A]c XSªpt]mbmð hmXþaq{Xþae§fpw XSbs¸SpóXmbncn¡pw. AXmbXv A]c XSªpt]mbmð hmXþaq{Xþae§Ä¡pw XSÊapïmIpw. At¸mÄ hkvXn sNbvXmð hmXþaq{Xþae§Ä ]pdt¯¡v t]mIpIbpw AtXmSpIqSn A]c ]pdt¯¡v t]mIpIbpw sN¿pw.

{]khn¨ kv{XobpsS A]cm ]X\¯n\mbn {]hÀ¯n¡pt¼mÄ Xsó P\n¨ Ip«n¡w Nne IÀ½§Ä sNt¿ïXmbpïv. AXv F{]Imcsaómð Ip«nbpsS sNhn¡Sp¯nh¨p cïv IñpIÄ X½nð ap«n i_vZapïm¡Ww. NqSv shÅwsImtïm XWp¯ shÅw sImtïm apJw \\bv¡Ww. A{]Imcw sNbvXmð In«n¡v {]khkab¯pïmb t¢iw ian¡pIbpw izmtkmÑzmkw sN¿m³ XpS§pIbpw sN¿pw. izmtkmÑzmkhpw Ne\hpw CñmXncn¡pIbpw Ip«n IcbmXncn¡pIbpw sN¿pIbmsW¦nð Idp¯ Iñv t]msebpÅ apdwsImïv hoiWw. izmtkmÑzmkw \ne¨pImWnIbmsW¦nð AXv Dïm¡phm³ Fs´ñmw sN¿m³ Ignbptam AsXñmw s]s«óvXsó sN¿Ww. (hmbnð I^w \ndªn«psïóp Iïmð XpWnsImïv XpS¨pIfbpItbm dºÀ Syq_v IS¯n FSp¯pIfbpItbm asäm sN¿Ww. Ip«nsb Xe Iogmbn ]nSn¡pIbpw ]pd¯v XtemSpIbpw aäpw sN¿póXpw izmtkmÑzmkw hoïp In«phm³ \ñXmWv).

Ip«n¡v {]mW³ hoïpIn«pIbpw izmtkmÑzmkw t\scbmIpIbpw IcbpIbpw aäpw sNbvsXóp Iïmð Ip«nsb Ipfn¸n¡pIbpw aeamÀ¤§sfñmw ip²nbm¡pIbpw thWw. AXn\ptijw Ip«nbpsS A®m¡v, Npïv, IWvTw, \mhv Ch \Jw apdn¨p hr¯nbm¡nb hncðsImïv hr¯nbm¡Ww. C{]Imcw sN¿pt¼mÄ hncenð XpWntbm ]cp¯ntbm NpäpIbpw thWw. Ip«nbpsS hmb hr¯nbm¡nbXn\ptijw BZyw F® \\¨ ]cp¯n (]nNp) aqÀ²mhnð CSWw. AXn\ptijw C´p¸v tNÀ¯ s\¿v sImSp¯p Ip«nsb OÀ±n¸n¡Ww. (OÀ±n¸n¡póXv Bamib¯nepw ^p^pk¯nepw a{dpw DÅ I^w OÀ±n¨p t]mIphm\mWv.)

C\n \mUo (s]m¡nÄs¡mSn) tOZ\ hn[n ]dbmw. \m`o_Ô\¯nð \nóv F«wKpew hn«n«v \mUotOZ\w sN¿Ww. Cu tOZ\Øm\¯nsâ cïv hi¯pw kmh[m\¯nð ]nSn¨n«v kzÀ®wsImtïm shÅnsImtïm Ccp¼psImtïm Dïm¡nb \ñ aqÀ¨bpÅ I¯nsImïv bYmØm\¯p h¨p apdn¡Ww. apdn¡póXn\pap¼mbn s]m¡nÄs¡mSnbnð NcSvsImïv sI«Ww. B NcSnsâ Aäw Ip«nbpsS Igp¯nð Ab¨psI«pIbpw thWw. s]m¡nÄs¡mSn apdn¨n«v s]m¡nfnð ]gp¸pïmIpIbmsW¦nð ]mt¨mäns¯men, Cc«n a[pcw, Rmhð¸qhv, tZhXmcw, aªÄ Chbn«p Im¨nb ssXew ]pc«Ww. Cu ]dª tem{²mZn Huj[§Ä s]mSn¨s]mSn {hW¯nð CSpIbpw sN¿mw. Cu \mUotOZ\coXn hn[n{]Imcw thïXpt]mse ]dbs¸«p. 

\mUotOZ\w hn[n{]ImcañmsX sNbvXmð s]m¡nÄs¡mSn Bbmaw, (\ofw), hymbmaw (hnkvXmcw), D¯pWvUnXw (XSn¨pbÀóphepXmIpI), ]nWvUnenX (tKmfmIrXnbnð ITn\w), hn\manIm (Npäpw XSn¨pw a²yw Ipgnªpw), hnPrw`nIm (hnIkn¨psImïncn¡pI), Fóo hn[¯nembn¯ocptam Fóv `bs¸tSïnbncn¡póp. Cu ]dª hn[¯ntesX¦nepw DïmhpIbmsW¦nð AXnsâ KpcpemLhs¯ a\Ênem¡nbn«v AXmXn\\pkcn¨ hn[¯nð hnZmls¯ Dïm¡m¯Xpw hmX ]n¯ ia\hpamb s\¿vsImïv A`ywKw, DÕmZ\w, ]cntjN\w Fónh sN¿Ww.

s]m¡nÄs¡mSn apdn¨Xn\ptijw Ip«n¡v PmXIÀ½w sN¿Ww. AsX{]Imcsaómð þ imkv{X¯nð ]dªXp{]Imcw tX\pw s\¿pw tNÀ¯p a{´n¨p BZyambn Ip«n¡v sImSp¡Ww. (tX\pw s\¿pw kaambn tNÀ¡cpXv kaambn tNÀ¯mð hnj{]`mhapïmIpw). tX\pw s\¿pw tImSp¯Xn\ptijw AtX hn[n{]Imcw a{´w P]n¨pXsImïpwXsó ape¸mð IpSn¡phm\mbn BZyw hes¯ ape Ip«nbpsS hmbnð h¨psImSp¡Ww. AXp\ptijw a{´w sImïv ip²am¡nb PeIpw`w Ip«nbpsS hmbnð h¨psImSp¡Ww. AXn\ptijw a{´w sImïv ip²am¡nb PeIpw`w Ip«nbpsS hmbnð h¨psImSp¡Ww. AXn\ptijw a{´wsImïv ip²am¡nb PeIpw`w Ip«nbpsS incÊnsâ `mK¯n hbv¡Ww.

{]khn¨mð BZys¯ Znhkw apebnð ]mð DïmIpóXñ. aqómas¯ Zmhktam \memas¯ Znhktam am{Xsa ]mð DïmIpIbpÅq. AXphsc tX\pw s\¿pw tNÀt¯m Im¨n¯Wp¯ shÅtam B«n³ ]mtem asäm sImSp¡Ww. CXns\ kw_Ôn¨v kp{ipX¯nð hnhcn¨ncn¡póXn{]ImcamWv. ""[a\o\mw lrZnØm\w hnhrXXzmZ\´cw NXpcm{Xmð {Xncm{XmZzm kv{XoWmw kvX\yw {]hÀ¯tX. Xkvamð {]YtaƒÓn a[pkÀ¸nc\´m kn²w a{´w ]qXw {XnImew ]mbtbð. ZznXotb e£vaWmkn²w kÀ¸nx XrXotb N. XXx {]mMv\nhmcnXkvX\yw a[pkÀ¸nx kz]mWnXe k½nXw ZznImew ]mbtbð'' CXn.

A`na{´nt¡ïXmb a{´hpw kp{ipX¯nð ]dªncn¡póXn{]ImcamWv. ""NXzmcx kmKcmkvXp`yw kvX\tbmx £ochmlnWx `h´p ip`tK\nXyw _meky _ehr²tb ]tbmƒarX ckw ]oXzmIpamckvtX ip`m\t\ ZoÀLambpchm]vt\mXp tZhmx {]iymarXwbYm'' CXn.

AXn\ptijw c£mhn\m\w sN¿Ww. Fcn¡v, Icn§men, e´, ]oep, Nnäo´ð ChbpsS imJIÄ kqXnImKmc¯nð apgph³ ISpIv, AXkn¡pcp, Acn Ch hnXdnbnSWw. Ip«n¡v t]cv hnfn \S¯póXphsc \nXyhpw cmhntebpw sshIptóchpw XWvUpe_enbpw awKftlmahpw sN¿Ww. kqXnImKmc¯nð IS¡pó hmXnð¸Sn¡v kao]w Hcp De¡ hne§¯nð sh¡Ww. hb¼v, sIm«w, AShn¡¨qcw, Imbw, ISpIv, AXkn¡pcp shÅpÅn Chbpw aäv ct£mL\uj[§fpw Hcp XpWnbnð sI«n kqXnImKmc¯nsâ hSs¡ hmXnð¸Sn¡p apIfnð sI«n¯q¡nbnSWw. CXpt]mse Xsó A½bptSbpw Ip«nbptSbpw Igp¯nepw sI«n¯q¡nbnSWw. C{]Imcw hNmZn ct£mLv\uj[§fpsS Ingn kqXnImKmc¯nep]tbmKn¡pó ]m{X§fnepw PeIpw`¯nepw I«nenepw sh¡Ww. CXpt]mseXsó kqXnImKmc¯nsâ DÅnð {]thin¡pó hmXnð¸SnbpsS cïphi¯pambn IWIm¾w (IWIWvUIw CXn AjvSmwK kw{Ktl) ]\n¨p FónhbpsS hndIn«p kqXnImKmc¯nsâ DÅnð Xo I¯n¨psImïncn¡Ww. ap³]dª KpW§fpÅXmb kv{XoIfpw an{X§fpw Ip«nbptSbpw A½bptSbpw c£¡mbn ]t¯m ]{´tïm Znhkw hsc Ft¸mgpw kqXnImKmc¯nð Dïmbncn¡Ww. Cu ]t¯m ]{´tïm Znhkw kqXnImKmc¯nð kvtXm{Xw, ]m«v, hmZyw apXembhbpw \ñ Aó]m\mZnIfpw kvt\lapÅXpw kt´mjapÅXpamb P\§fpw Dïmbncn¡Ww. Ip«nbptSbpw kqXnIbptSbpw \ò¡mbn AYÀÆthZadnbpó {_mÒW³ Fñm Znhkhpw cmhntebpw sshIptóchpw im´ntlmaw sN¿Ww. C{]Imcw c£mhn[m\w ]dbs¸«p.

kqXnI¡v hni¸pïmbn¯pS§nbmð AhfpsS kmßys¯ Nn´n¨n«v s\¿,v ssXew, hkaÖ ChbntesX¦nepw Hónð Xn¸en, Im«pXn¸enthcv, Im«papfIn³thcv, sImSpthcn¡ng§v, Np¡v ChbpsS NqÀ®w tNÀ¯p ]qÀ®am{Xbnð sImSp¡Ww. kvt\l]m\w sNbvXXn\ptijw AhfpsS hbdnð s\¿pw F®bpw tX¨v Hcp henb hkv{Xw sImïv hbdnð Npäns¡«Ww. hbcnð C{]Imcw sI«nbmð hmbp \ndbphm\pÅ kuIcyw CñmbvIbmð hmbp hbcnð hnImcs¯ Dïm¡póXñ. ]n¸eymZn Huj[§Ä tNÀ¯psImSp¯ kvt\l{Zhyw \ñh®w Zln¨mð ]n¸eymZn Huj[§Ä Xsó tNÀ¯psh¨ Iªn \ñh®w kvt\l{Zhyw tNÀ¯p {Zh{]mb¯nð DNnXamb am{Xbnð sImSp¡Ww. kvt\lhpw Iªnbpw D]tbmKn¡póXn\pap¼mbn cïv t\chpw \ñ NqSpÅ shÅwsImïv Imepw apJhpw aäpw IgpIn hr¯nbm¡Ww. C{]Imcw Atôm Gtgm Znhkw hsc ioen¨Xn\ptijw icoc]pjvSnbpw _ehpw hÀ²n¸n¡póXmb Blmcuj[mZnIÄ ioen¡Ww. kqXnbpsS kzØhr¯n C{]ImcamIpóp.

KÀ`w KÀ`mib¯nð hfcpI\nan¯w icoc[mXp¡Ä¡v £oWhpw inYneXbpw DïmIpóXpsImïpw ap¡ð, {]kh thZ\, icoct¢Zw, cà{kmhw, Ch \nan¯w icociq\yX DïmIpóXpsImïpw kqXnI¡v Fs´¦nepw tcmKapïmbmð AXv Ir{Ñkm²yamtbm Akm²yamtbm XocpóXmWv. AXpsImïv kqXnIsb ap³]dª hn[n{]Imcw {i²tbmSpIqSn D]Ncn¡Ww. hntijn¨v `uXnIw (`qXlmcw), Poh\obw, _rwlWobw. a[pcw, hmXlcw Fóo Huj[§Ä D]tbmKn¨pÅ A`ywKw, DÕmZ\w, ]cntjIw, AhKml\w, Aó]m\w Fónh ioen¡Ww. ImcWw hntijn¨pw {]khn¨ kv{XoIfpsS icocw iq\yambncn¡pw.

`uXnIw = `qXlcw = Antiseptic

{]khn¨p ]¯v cm{Xn Ignªp ]Xns\mómas¯ Znhkw A½bpw Ip«nbpw kÀÆKÔuj[§Ä (GemZn KWuj[§Ä AYhm NmXpÀÖmXI IÀ¸qcmZyuj[§Ä) shÅ¡SpIv Ch tNÀ¯p NqSm¡nb shÅw sImïv Ipfn¡Ww. kv\m\m\´cw A½bpw Ip«nbpw t\cnbXpw Iodm¯Xpw hr¯nbpÅXpamb hkv{Xw [cn¨pw ]hn{XþCjvSþeLpþhnNn{X `qjWaWnªpw awKfIcambXns\ kv]Àin¨pw CjvStZhXsb ]qPn¨pw (AYhm Ip«nbpsS \£{XtZhXsb ]qPn¨pw) IpSpa sI«n sh¨Xpw shfp¯ hkv{Xw [cn¨Xpw AwKsshIeyanñm¯Xpamb {_mÒW\nð \nóv A\p{Klw hm§nbpw Ip«nbpsS Xe Ingt¡m hSt¡m h¨p InS¯nbn«v Iodm¯ hr¯nbpÅ hkv{Xw ]pX¸n¨pw Ccn¡Ww. BZyw \£{XtZhXtbbpw ]nóoSv {_mÒWtcbpw \akvIcn¡póp Fóv Ip«nbpsS ]nXmhv ]dªn«v \£{X¯nó\pkcn¨pw amXm]nXm¡òmcpsS CjvS¯n\\pkcn¨pambn Ip«n¡v cïp t]cv hnfn¡Ww. AXnð amXm]nXm¡òmcpsS CjvS¯nó\pkcn¨v hnfn¡pó t]cnsâ BZy£cw tLmjw (LþQþVþ[þ`) Fóv XpS§póXpw Ahkm\s¯ A£cw Dujvamhv (iþjþkþl) Bbncn¡pIbpw B£cw hr²nclnXw (sFþHu) AñmXncn¡pIbpw thWw. ChnsS ""hr²]ucpjm\qIw'' Fsómcp ]mTt`Zw Dïv. A§ns\bmIpt¼mÄ ]nXmhv, ]nXmalòmÀ, {]]nXmalòmÀ FónhcpsS t]cnt\mS\p_Ôn¡pó t]cv hnfnt¡ïXmWv. t]cv A{]kn²ambncn¡pIbpw sN¿cpXv. \£{X¯nó\pkcn¨p hnfn¡pó t]cmIs« \£{XtZhXbv¡v Xpeyambncn¡pIbpw ctïm \mtem A£capÅXmbncn¡pIbpw thWw.

tPymXnÈmkv{Xhn[n{]Imcw \£{X¯nó\pkcn¨v t]À hnfnt¡ïXmb {Iaw

Cu hnhcn¨ A£c{Ia§Ä taSw apXemb ]{´ïv cminIfptSXmbn {Kln¨p Pòa£{Xw sImïv Iqdv \nÀ®bn¨p Iqdn\p tbmPn¡pó A£c{Ia¯nð t]À hnfnt¡ïXmWv.

t]À hnfn¡pt¼mÄ Pò¡qdnsâ 1þ3þ5þ7þ9þ11 Fóo cminIfnepÅ A£cw BZym£cam¡n t]À hnfn¡Ww. Pò¡qdnsâ 2þ4þ6þ8þ10þ12 Fóo cminIfnse A£cw BZy£cam¡n t]À hnfn¡phm³ \ñXñ. km[mcW\nebnð tPymXnÈmk{Xhn[n{]Imcw t]À hnfn¡póXn{]ImcamWv.

t]cvhnfn IgnªXn\ptijw BbpÊv F{X Dsïódnbphm³ Ip«nsb ]co£n¡Ww. ZoÀLmbpÊpÅ Ip«nIÄ¡v C\n ]dbpóp e£W§fpïmIpw. XeapSn Hmtcmómbn apf¨phópw arZphmbpw Aev]ambpw kv\nKv²ambpw ZrVaqeambpw Idp¯pw {]ikvXambncn¡pw. Xuen Ønchpw Øqehpambncn¡pw incÊv BIrXnbnepw {]IrXnbnepw D¯aambpw icoc¯nó\pkcn¨pw IqSpXð hepXpw hfsc sNdpXpw AñmsX IpSbpsS BIrXnbnepancn¡pw. s\än¯Sw \oïpw ZrVambpw kaambpw iwJkÔn kpZrVambpw kpµcambpw s\änbnð AÀ²N{µmIrXnbnepÅ XSn¨ henItfmSpIqSnbpancn¡pw. sNhn cïpw XSn¨pw hnkvXmcapÅXpw kaambpw Xmtgm«v hÀ²n¨pw ]rjvS`mK¯v Ipgnªpw ]pd¯v Zzmcw IqSnt¨Àópw DÅnð \ñ ZzmcapÅXmbpw Ccn¡Ww. {`q{]tZiw \ofw IqSpItbm IpdbpItbm sN¿msXbpw a²yw IqSpXð HgnbmsXbpw kaambpw CSXn§nb tcmat¯mSpIqSnbpw XSn¨pbÀópw Ccn¡Ww. I®pIÄ IqSpXð hepXpw IqSpXð sNdpXpw AñmsXbpw AYhm Hóv sNdpXpw Hóv hepXpw AñmsX kaambpw ip¢IrjvWmZn `mK§Ä hyàambpw ZÀi\_eapÅXmbpw tXPÊpÅXmbpw hÀ¯mZn AwtKm]mwK§Ä kpµcambp Ccn¡Ww. aq¡v t\scbmbpw ZoÀLizmkw Ign¡póXmbpw DbÀópw A{K`mKw Aev]w Xmgvópw Ccn¡Ww. hmb H¯ hen¸¯nepw t\scbmbpw \ñ Z´Øm\t¯mSpIqSnbpancn¡Ww. \mhv \ofhpw hoXnbpw an\pkhpw DÅXpw h®w IpdªXpw {]IrXym DÅ BIrXnbpw hÀ®hpw DÅXpw Bbncn¡Ww. A®m¡v an\pkapÅXpw XSn¨Xpw NqSpÅXpw Nph¸p\ndapÅXpambncn¡Ww. kzcw _rl¯pw Zo\XmclnXhpw AIÀ¡ihpw {]Xn[z\ntbmSpIqSnbXpw Kmw`ocyapÅXpw [ochpambncn¡Ww. A[tcmjvT§Ä IqSpXð XSn¨Xpw t\cnbXpw AñmsXbpw hmbsb ]qÀ®ambn adbv¡póXpw càhÀ®hpw Bbncn¡Ww. Xmbnsbñv XSn¨Xmbncn¡Ww. s\ôv hnkvXmcapÅXpw amwkfhpambncn¡Ww. P{Xp (IWvtTmctkmx k²nx) \s«ñv ]pd¯v ImWm¯v hn[¯nembncn¡Ww. cïv kvX\¯ntâbpw a²y¯nepÅ A´cw anXamb Afhnembncn¡Ww. cïv ]mÀiz`mKw Awk¯nð \nóv Xmtgm«v Npcp§n¨pcp§n hcnIbpw Dd¸pÅXmbpw Ccn¡Ww. I¿nsâ aknevUknsâ `mKhpw Imensâ XpSbpw hncepIfpw hr¯mIrXnbnepw \ñ \ofapÅXpw Bbncn¡Ww. Imepw I¿pw \ofapÅXpw amwkfhpambncn¡Ww. \Jw Dd¸pÅXpw tKmfmIrXnbmbpw kv\nKv²ambpw Nphópw DbÀópw Ba¸pdwt]msebpancn¡Ww. \m`n het¯m«v NpgnbpÅXmbpw DbÀópw Ccn¡Ww. IpSo{]tZiw s\ônsâ Afhn³ aqónsemcp`mKw Ipdªpw kaambpw amwkfambpw Ccn¡Ww. Bk\w (N´n) hr¯mIrXnbpw Dd¸pw amwkw \ndªpw A[nIw DbÀópw A[nIw Xmgvópw AñmsXbpancn¡Ww. Imensâ XpS Dcpïpw Xmtgm«v h®w Ipdªpw amwkfhpambncn¡Ww. IW¦mð IqSpXð XSn¨pw IqSpXð saenªpw AñmsXbpw am\nsâ Imð t]msebpw kncmØn kÔnIÄ sXfnªpImWmsXbpancn¡Ww. ]pdwImð A[nIw XSn¨pw A[nIw saenªpw AñmsXbp\ncn¡Ww. ImepIÄ ap³]dª KpWt¯mSpIqSn BabpsS BIrXnbnembncn¡Ww. At[mhmbp, aq{Xw, aew Dd¡w, Dd¡apWcð, icocw sImïpÅ Bbmkw, Nncn, Ic¨ð ape IpSn¡ð s#ónhsbñmw km[mcW {]IrX¯nembncn¡Ww. ChnsS ]dbm¯ aäv icoc KpW§fpw icoc [À½fpsañmw {]IrXymhØbnembncn¡Ww. ZoÀLmbpÊpÅ icoc¯nsâ e£Ww C{]ImcamIpóp. CXn\v hn]coXambmð AXv Aev]mbpÀñ£WamIpóp.

Ip«nbpsS BbpÊns\ ]co£n¨Xn\ptijw Ip«n¡v apesImSp¡pó t]mä½sb ]co£n¡Ww. AXn\pÅ D]mbw ]dbmw. sshZy³ t]mä½sb sImïphcphm³ s]ä½bpsS BÄ¡mtcmSv ]dbWw. B t]mä½ C\n ]dbpó KpW§fpÅhfmbncn¡Ww. t]mä½ Ip«nbpsS hÀ®¯n\v Xpeyamb hÀ®apÅhfmbncn¡Ww. AXmbXv Ip«nbpsS \nd¯n\v Xpeyamb \ndapÅhfmbncn¡Ww. AYhm Ip«n {_mÒW\msW¦nð {_mÒWkv{Xobpw £{Xnb\msW¦nð £{Xnb kv{Xobpw, sshiy\msW¦nð sshikv{Xobpw iq{Z\msW¦nð iq{Zkv{Xobpw Bbncn¡Ww. bphXnbpw hn\oXbpw tcmK§sfmópanñm¯hfpw AwKhnIrXnbpw hyk\hpw hncq]Xbpw Cñm¯hfpw Bbncn¡Ww. \nµnXbmbncn¡cpXv. Ip«n P\n¨ tZi¯pÅhÄ Xsóbmbncn¡Ww. \oNkz`mhapÅhfpw \oNIÀ½w sN¿póhfpw Bbncn¡cpXv. \ñ Ipe¯nð P\n¨hfmbncn¡Ww. hmÕeyapÅhfpw BtcmKyapÅ Ip«nbpÅhfpw Ip«n Pohn¨ncn¡póhfpw BIp«nbpÅhfpambncn¡Ww. CjvSwt]mse ]mepÅhfmbncn¡Ww. ]mð sImSp¡póXnð {]tXyIw {i²bpÅhfmbncn¡Ww. InSóp ]mð sImSp¡póhfmIcpXv. Ip«nbpsS aeþaq{X hnkÀÖ\¯nð InS¡póhfmIcpXv. [À½mNmc§fnð hnapJbmbncn¡cpXv. Ip«nsb D]Ncn¡póXnð kmaÀ°yapÅhfmbncn¡Ww. ipNnbpÅXpw Aip²nsb shdp¡póhfpw kvX\§fpw kvX\yhpw \ómbn«pÅhfpw Bbn]n¡Ww. Hcp D¯a[m{XnbpsS e£Ww C{]ImcamIpóp.

kvX\¯nsâ ip`KpWw þ A[nIw DbcmsXbpw A[nIw \ofanñmsXbpw A[nIw h®w IpdbmsXbpw A[nIw h®w CñmsXbpw \ñ ape¡®pItfmSpIqSnbpw Ip«n¡v A\mbmtk\ kvX\y]m\w sN¿m³ IgnbpóXpamb kvX\w D¯aamIpóp.

D¯a kvX\y e£Ww þ hÀ®w, KÔw, ckw, kv]Àiw Ch km[mcW \nebnembncn¡pIbpw Hcp ¥mÊnð shÅsaSp¯p AXnð ape¸msemgn¨mð shÅt¯mSp tNÀópt]mIpIbpw sN¿pó ape¸mð km[mcW \nebnepÅXmIbmð AXv Ip«n¡v icoc]pjvSntbbpw BtcmKyt¯bpw Dïm¡pw. (Ip«n¡v ape sImSp¡phm³ [m{Xnsb \nÀ¯pt¼mÄ Cu kvX\þkvX\y KpW§sf t\mt¡ïXmWv.)

tað]dªXn\p hn]coXambmð hnIrXamb kvX\yamsWódnbWw. B hnIrXamb kvX\y¯nsâ hyXymkw C{]ImcamIpóp. Idp¸v IeÀtóm Nphtóm DÅ hÀ®w, A\pckw NhÀ¸v, hniZw (Ç£vWhn]coXw), AXnbmb KÔw, cq£X, {ZhX, \pcbpïmIpI, eLp, Xr]vXnbnñmXncn¡pI, Ip«nbpsS icocs¯ Iriam¡pI, hmItcmK¯n\v ImcWambn¯ocpI Fóo KpW§tfmSpIqSnb ]mð hmXpZpjvSamsWódnbWw. Idpt¸m \oetbm aªtbm sN¼nsâ hÀ®tam DÅXpw Ibv]v, ]pfn, Fcnhv Ch A\pckambpÅXpw ih¯ntâbpw ]n¯tcmKs¯ DïmIpóXpamb ape¸mð ]p¯ZpjvSamsWódnbWw. AXnbmb shfp¸v, AXna[pcw, D¸v A\pckw, s\¿vþFÅvþhkþaÖ ChbpsS KÔw, hgphgp¸v, shůnsemgn¨mð \qevt]mse shůnsâ ASnbnð Xmgvópt]mIpI, I^hnImc¯n\v ImcWambn¯ocpI ChbpÅXmb ape¸mð I^ZpjvSamsWódnbWw. Cu aqóphn[¯nepÅ £octZmj§fpsS hymXymks¯ hn`Pn¨p a\Ênem¡nbn«v [m{XnbpsS icoc {]IrXn¡pw £oc tZmj¯n\pw A\pkcn¨v ha\w, hntcN\w, IjmbhkvXn, kvt\lhkvXn Ch hn`Pn¨p {]tbmKn¨mð £octZmjw ian¡pw.

Zpjn¨ ]mepÅ [m{XnbpsS Aóhm\hn[nbh, tKmX¼v, \hcbcn, sNsóñcn, sNdp]bcv, AtcWpIw, apXnc Ch Blmcambpw kpcmaZyw, kuhocw, Acn¡mSn, ssatcbaZyw, taZIw Ch IpSn¡php\mbpw shÅpÅnbpw D§pw km[mcWbmbn D]tbmKn¡pIbpw thWw. £octZmjs¯ ]cntim[n¨p AXmXnó\pkcn¨ hn[¯nepÅ Aó]m\mZnIfpw Huj[§epw D]tbmKn¡pbpw thWw.

kvX\ytim[\ Ijmbw þ ]mS¡ng§v, Np¡v, tZhXmcw, ap¯§, s]cp¦pdp¼thcv, NnäarXv, ISI¸mebcn, ]p¯cn¨pïthcv, ISptcmlnWn, \ómdn¡ng§v Ch Ijmbw sh¨p IpSn¡póXv kvX\yip²n¡v Gähpw \ñXmIpóp. AXpt]mseXsó £ochnImc hntij§sf t\m¡nbn«v am{X¡pw Ime¯n\pw A\pkcn¨p Ibv]v, NhÀ¸v, Fcnhv, a[pcw Fóo ck§fpÅ {Zhy§Ä {]tbmKn¨mepw kvX\yip²n hcpw.

kvXt\ymev]mZI {Zhy§Ä þ ko[paZyw Hgn¨pÅ aZy§Ä, {KmaPohnIfptSbpw B\q]PohnIfptSbpw PePohnIfptSbpw amwk§Ä, Ce¡dnIÄ, [m\y§Ä, {Zh{Zhy§Ä, a[pcck{][m\hpw A¾ck {][m\hpamb Blmc{Zhy§Ä, ]mepÅ Huj[§Ä (AS]Xnb³ Ing§v apXembh), £oc]m\w, hn{iaw C] £otcmev]mZIcamIpóp. cma¨w, \hcthcv, sNsóñn³thcv, Icn¼v, shÅ¡cn¼v, KÀ`thcv, ic¸nñn³thcv ChbpsS Ijmbw kvXt\ymev]mZIcamIpóp. Cu kvXt\ymev]mZIKWs¯ kq{XØm\¯nð ]dªn«pïv.

[m{XnbpsS ape¸mð Ft¸mÄ a[pcapÅXmbpw [mcmfapÅXmbpw ip²ambpw Ccn¡pópthm At¸mÄ Ipfn¨p Nµ\mZnIÄ te]\w sNbvXp shÅhkv{Xw [cn¨p C{µhmcpWn ({_mlm\n, iXmhcn, IdpI, XncpXmfn, ISp¡, inhm (ISp¡t`Zw) \mK_e, B\¡pdpt´m«n, ]ón¡ng§v Fóo Huj[§fntesX¦nepw Hóv tZl¯nð [cn¨p Ip«nsb Ingt¡m«v apJambncp¯n BZyw hes¯ ape IpSn¸p¡Ww. CXv [m{Xn sNt¿ïXmWv. (ChnsS [cn¡m³ ]dª Huj[§Ä ]e hymJymXm¡òmcpw ]ehn[¯nembn«mWv ]dªpImWpóXv. kp{ipX¯nð Cu Huj[[mcWw ]dªpImWpópanñ). kvX\y]m\{Iaw kp{iptX. XXx {]ikvXmbmw XnYu inckv\m\ alXhmk kapZMvapJw inipap]thiy [m{Xow {]mMv apJoap]thiy Z£nWw kvX\w [uXaojð ]cn{kpXa`na{´y at{´mWmt\\ ]mbtbð. CXn (kpþimþAþ10) 

C\n Ip«n¡v Xmakn¡m\pÅ Krl\nÀ½mW hn[n hnhcn¡mw. Krl\nÀ½mW hnZybnð kmaÀ°yapÅh³ {]ikvXhpw kpµchpamb Øe¯v Ccp«nñm¯Xpw hmbphn\v Hcp `mK¯pIqSn {]thin¨ adp`mK¯v IqSn ]pdt¯¡v t]mIm³ kuIcyapÅXpw \ñ Dd¸pÅXpw \mb, ]ip, lnw{kP´p¡Ä, Fen, ]£n, ]mä apXembh {]thin¡m¯Xpw PeØm\w, Dcðsh¡pó Øew, I¡qÊv, Ipfnapdn, ASp¡f Ch bYmØm\¯v \nÀ½n¨n«pÅXpw EXphnó\pkcn¨p kpJs¯ Dïm¡póXpw EXphnó\pkcn¨p InS¡m\pw Ccn¡m\pw hncn¡m\pw aäpw kuIcy{]Zamb hoSpïm¡Ww. AXpt]mseXsó kqXnImKmc hn[nbnð ]dª c£mhn[m\§fpw _enþawKfþtlmaþ{]mbÝn¯mZnIfpw IpamcmKmc¯nð h¨p sN¿Ww. inipKrlw \ñ hr¯nbpÅXpw hr²sshZyòmcpw hmÕeyP\§fpw DÅXpw Bbncn¡Ww. C{]ImcamWv IpamcmKmchn[n.

Ip«nbpsS InS¡, Ccn¸nSw, hncn¸v, ]pX¸v, apXembh arZphpw eLphpw ipNnbpÅXpw kpKÔapÅXpw Bbncn¡Ww. hnbÀ¸v, aew, IranIÄ, aq{Xw, ]pcojw Ch ]pcïXmbncn¡pIbpw sN¿cpXv.

Hcp {]mhiyw D]tbmKn¨pw hr¯ntISmb hkv{Xw Ip«n¡v hoïpw D]tbmKn¡pt¼mÄ AXv \ñh®w IgpIn hr¯nbm¡n ct£mLv\ (Antiseptic){Zhy§fpsS ]pI Gev]n¨p DW¡n hr¯nbm¡n D]tbmKn¡Ww.

hkv{Xw, InS¡, hncn¸v, ]pX¸v apXembhbv¡v [q]\w sNt¿ïXmb Huj[§Ä þ bhw, ISpIv, AXkn¡pcp, Imbw, Kpð¤pep, hb¼v, I¨qcw, {_Òn, NnäarXv, PSmamôn, sRcnªnð, AtimIs¯men, ISptcmlnWn, ]m¼nsâ D¸nfn Ch kaw FSp¯p s\¿v tNÀ¯p Xo¡\enð C«p ]pI¨p hkv{XmZnIÄ¡v ]pI Gev]n¡Ww.

Ip«nsb aWnIÄ [cn¸n¡Ww. \oe\ndapÅ ]ip, am³, Imf Fóo Pohn¨ncn¡pó arK§fpsS he¯v `mK¯v sIm¼nsâ Aäw apdns¨Sp¯p Ip«nsb [cn¸n¡Ww. ap³]dª sF{µymZn Huj[§fpw PohI CShI§fpw AYÀÆthZadnbpó {_mÒW³ \ñXmsWóv ]dbpó aäv Huj[§fpw Ip«nsb [cn¸n¡Ww.

Ip«nbpsS Ifnt¡m¸pIÄ ]ehn[ Nn{X¸WnIfpÅXpw i_vZapïm¡póXpw kpµcambn«pÅXpw L\anñm¯Xpw apÅv t]msebpÅ ap\IÄ Cñm¯Xpw hmbnð IS¡m¯ hn[¯nepÅXpw {]mWlm\n hcp¯pó hn[¯nepÅXñm¯Xpw `bs¸«pt]mIm¯ hn[¯nepÅXpw Bbncn¡Ww.

Ip«nsb `bs¸Sp¯póXv icnbñ. AXpsImïv Ip«n Icbpó Ahkc¯ntem Blmcw Ign¡mXncpómsem Ip«nsb `bs¸Sp¯phm\mbn cm£kþ]nimNþ]qX\mZnIfpsS t]cv ]dªp Ip«nsb `bs¸Sp¯cpXv.

Ip«n¡v Fs´¦nepw tcmKw hcnIbmsW¦nð Ahsâ hmXmZntZmj{]IrXn, tcmtKmev]mZItlXp ]qÀÆcq]w, e£Ww, D]ibw FónhbneqsS tcmKs¯ icnbmbn a\Ênem¡nbn«v tcmKn Huj[w, tZiw, Imew FónhbpsS hyXymks¯ Nn´n¨p NnInÕ sN¿m³ XpS§Ww. Huj[§Ä a[pcckapÅXpw arZphpwk eLphpw kpKÔapÅXpw ioXhocyhpw kwia\ IÀ½s¯ sN¿póXpambncn¡Ww ImcWw Ch Ip«n¡v kmßyambncn¡pw. C{]Imcw XpSÀóp sNbvXmð Ip«n¡v kpJw AYhm BtcmKyw DïmIpóXmbncn¡pw. Ip«n BtcmKyhm\msW¦nð tZiw, Imew, icocKpWw Fónhbv¡v hn]coXamb Blmc hnlmc§ÄsImïv kzØ]me\w sN¿Ww. AXmbXv tZikmßyhpamb Blmc hnlmcmZnIÄ ioen¡Ww.

Akmßy§fmb Blmc hnlmcmZnIÄ D]tbmKn¡póXps\ {ItaW ]cnhÀ¯\w hcp¯nbn«v Fñmhn[ AlnX§fmbhtbbpw hÀÖn¡Ww. A{]Imcw sNbvXmð Ip«nbpsS _ew, hÀ®w, icocw, BbpÊv Ch k¼óambn¯ocpw.

Akmßy§fmbhsb {Ia¯nð XyPn¡phm\pÅ {iaw kq{XØm\¯nð Bdmw A²ymb¯nð ]dªncn¡póXn{]ImcamWv. {]t£m]m]Ntb Xm`ymw{Iax ]mZmwintIm `thð. GIm´cw XXtÝmÀ²zw Zzy´cw XYm. CXn.

C{]Imcw Ip«nsb Iuamc{]mb¯nð \nóv buÆ\mhØbnse¯póXphsc ]cn]men¡Ww. Fómð am{Xsa Ah³ [À½mÀ°hnjb§fnð IuieapÅh\mbn¯ocpIbpÅp. C{]Imcw kð]p{Xs\ B{Kln¡póhÀ¡v kð^es¯ Dïm¡póXmb IÀ½s¯ hnhcn¡s¸«p. Cu ]dª hn[n{]Imcw inip]cn]me\w sN¿póhÀ temI¯nð btYjvSw am\acymZmZnIsf e`n¡pó ]c\nµ Cñm¯h\mbn¯ocpóp.

]p{X\v ip`s¯ B{Kln¡póhÀ¡v kar²nsb Dïm¡pI Fó al¯mb {]tbmP\t¯mSpIqSn Cu GsXmcp IÀ½w ChnsS ]dbs¸Spópthm AXv bYmhn[n BNcn¡pó AkqbmclnX\mb _p²nam³ btYjvSw ]qPsb e`n¡póXmbn¯ocpóp.

ssZhnIambpw (Bßobambpw) am\pjnIambpw (imcocnIambpw) CÅ Fñmhn[ D¯a KpW§Ä¡pw AYhm CltemI¯nepw ]ctemI¯nepw thïpó Fñmhn[ D¯aKpW§Ä¡pw alZl¦mcmZn Fñmhn[ `mh§Ä¡pw icocw Nn´mhnjbamIpóp. AXpsImïv Cu imcocØm\s¯ hnhcn¡s¸«p.