Aymbw  24

aZm-Xyb NnIn-n-Xw.

tmI x

1 - 15

16 - 30

31 - 45

46 - 60

61 - 76

AYmtXm aZm-Xyb NnInknXw hymJym-kyma
CXn-l-kvaml `K-hm-\m-t{X-b.
1

C\n aZmXy NnInknXw F Aym-bs Bt{Xb `K-hm D]-tZ-in-Xp {]Im-cw-Xs An-th-i-a-ljn hnh-cn-p-p-v.

kpsscx kptc-i-k-ln-ssXbm-]pcm {]Xn-]q-PnXm
ku{X-amWymw lqbtX bm I-`nbm {]Xn-jvTnXm
bt-ln-bmN i{I-ky-tkmtam ƒXn-]-XnXv bbm
\oc-P-kvX-a-km-hn-jvS-kvX-kvamZv ZpKm#m kap-rXx
hn[n-`nthZ hnln-ssXb-tb-Pyt alm-`nx
Zriym-kv]riym {]I]ym-N-bm-t-bm-b kntb
tbm\n-kw-kvImc \mam-ssZy hntissjy _lp-[m-Nbm
`qXzm `h-tXy-I-hn[m kmam-\ymaZ e-Wm
bmtZ-hm-\-arXw `qXzm kz[m-`qXzm ]nXr-bm
tkmtam-`qXzm Zn]-Pm-Xo bmbpt t{itbm-`n-cp-ssax
Bizn\w bm al-t-tPm-_ew kmc-kz-X-bm
hocy-ssa-{ bmkn-m-tkmta ku{X-am-Wu-Nbm
timIm-c-Xn-`-tbm-tZzK \min-\obm alm-_em
bm{]o-Xncym aXncym hmIym ]pjvSn-c-lymN \nc-]vhrXnx
bm kpcm-kpc K b-cm-k am\pssjx
cXnx kptc-Xy-`n-ln-Xm-Xmw-kpcmw hn[n\m ]nt_.
2

]v tZth-{-t\m-Sp-IqSn tZh-m tbmsXmcp kpcsb ]qPn--s-p-thm, ku{Xm-aWo bmK-n bmsXmcp kpcsb tlman--s-p-thm, sshZoI I--fnepw tZh-{s b-nepw bmsXmcp kpcsb D]-tZ-in--s-S-NvSp-thm, tkmtam ƒXn-]-XnXx=ipw AXn-bmbn ]Xn-N-XvNp-t]m-b-Xp-sImv X]-n-\m Bth-in--s--Xmb \ocPx= inh AXn\nv bmsXmv tlXp-hm-bnv kap--cn--s-p-thm, thZ-n ]d hn[n-{]-Imcw alm-m--fm bmsXm-p-sImv bPn--s-Sp-p-thm, Dm-p--{Zhyw Dm-p--hn-[w, t]cv Ch hnti-jnv ]te hn[-n-em-bn-cp-npw aZ-e--Ww-sImv Fmw Htc-hn-[-n-em-bn-cn-p-Xv bmsXm-tm, bmsXmcp kpc Aar-Xmbn `hnp tZh-msc Xr]vXn-s-Sp-yn-cp-p-thm, bmsXmcp kpc ]nXr-_-e-ambn `hn-nv ]nXr-sf Xr]vXn-s-Sp-p-p-thm, bmsXmcp kpc-bm-K-n tkma-ambn `hn-nv {_m-Wsc D-a-t{i-b-tm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-cm-p-pthm Aizn\o Ipam-c-mv al-mb tXP-Z-ns\ Dm-n-bXv bmsXm-tm, kc-kz-Xnv _es Dm-n-bXp bmsXm-tm, tZth-{\v hocys knn-n-N-XvNXv bmsXm-p-sImtm ku{Xm-a-Wo-bm-K-n bPn--s-Xv bmsXm-tm, ZpxJw, Ac-Xn, `bw, DtZz-Kw, Chsb \in-n-p-Xv bmsXm-tm, alm-_-es Dm-p-Xv bmsXm-tm, {]oXn, _pn, hmIv, ]pjvSn, \nhrXn Chsb Dm-p-Xv bmsXm-tm, tZh--A-kp-c--K---b---cm--k--am-\p-j-mv cXn kpJs Dm-p-Xv bmsXmtm AXn\v kpc Fv ]d-b-s-Sp-p. A{]-Im-c-ap kpcsb hn[n-{]-Imcw IpSn--Ww.

ico-c-Ir-X-kw-kvmcx ipNn-cp-a K-hm
Dm-a-K-n-`n hkvss{X-c-a-sse hm bYm-\pssKx
hnNn{X hnhn-[-{kKzo cXv\m-`-c-W-`q-jnXx
tZh-Zzn-Pm-Xo kw]qPy kvarXzm-aw-K-e-ap-aw
tZti-b-Yp tIikvtX Ipkpa {]I-co-IrtX
kwhmk k-tX-ap-tJy-[q] ktmZ ZqjntX
kq]-[mth kqkw-kvXot hnlntX ib-\m-kt\
D-]-hnjvtSm ƒY-hm-Xn-cyIv kzi-co-c-kp-tJ-nXx
kuhss cmP-ssX-m-]n-XYm aWn-a-ssb-c]n
`mP-ss\ hnhn-ss[-nss{Xx kpIr-ssX ]nt_k-Zm.
3

ico-cs kv\m\m-Zn-I-tf-smv kwkvI-cnp hrn-bmn N-\mZn D-a-K--{Z-hy--tf-smv A\p-te-]\w sNbvXp \ kpK--ap-Xpw hrn-bp-Xpw Ime-n--\p-k-cn--Xp-amb hkv{X- [cnp ]e-hn-[-n-ep ]pjv]-am-e-Ifpw cXv\m-`-c-W-fpw AWnp CjvS-tZ-h-X-tbbpw {_-W-tcbpw ]qPn-nv awK-f-I-chpw D-a-hp-amb Imcy-sf kvacn-nv EXp--\p-k-cn-p {]i-kvX-amb e-p-shv AhnsS \ kpK--ap ]pjv]- hnX-dn-bnv hnl-cn-p-hm \ kuI-cy-ap e-n \ kpK--ap [q]- [q]np InS--bnepw Itk-c-bnepw \ hncn-p-I-sfmw hncnp Xe-b-Wbpw shp kzw icoc kpJ-n--\p-k-cnp Ccn-pItbm Nmcn-n-S-p-Itbm sNbvXp kzw-sImtm shn-sImtm Dm-nb cXv\w-]-Xn-Xpw Nn{X--Wn-I-tfmSp IqSn-b-Xp-amb ]m{X-n Hgnp aZyw-Ip-Sn--Ww.

cq]-bu--\-a-m`nx inn-Xm-`n hnti-jXx
hkv{Xm-`-cW amssey `qjn-Xm-`n bYpssIx
iuNm-\p-cm-K-bp-m`nx {]a-Zm-`n-cn-X-kvXXx
km-cy-am-W-an-jvSm`nx ]nt_a-Zy-a-\p--aw.
4

ku-cy-h-Xnbpw bu-\-bp-bpw hnZym-`ym-k-ap-Xpw EXp--\p-k-cnp hkv{Xm-`-cW amey--f-Wn-Xpw ipNn-Xz-tmSpw A\p-cm-K-tmSpw IqSn-b-Xp-amb CjvS-kv{Xo-I Ap-anpw k-cn-p-sImv t{ijvT-amb aZys IpSn--Ww.

aZym-\p-Ip-sse hnhnss[x ^sse lcn-XssIx ipss`x
eh-ssWK ]nip-ss\-c-I-h-Zw-ssi bYpssIx
`rjvssS amwssk _lp-hn-ss[ `qP-emw-_c NmcnWmw
]utcm-K-h hnln-ssX `ssy hnhn-[m-ssIx
]nt_kw]qPy hn_p-[m-\m-injx kw{]-bp-PyN
{]Zmb bP-\-mt{K Xzn`yx ]rYn-ho-Xte
5

aZy-n--\p-Iq-e-amb ]e-am-Xncn \^e--tfm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw ]--dn-I-tfmSp IqSnbpw DpwkpK--{Z-hy-fpw tNpEXp--\p-k-cn-p-m-nb Idn-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw arKw, ayw, ]nFn-h-I-fpsS ]e-am-Xncn hdpamwk--tfm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw \]mN-I-m-cm Dm--s]e-am-Xncn `-W-]-Zm--tfm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw aZywIgn--Ww. aZywIpSn-p-tm BZy-ambnCjvS-tZ-h-Xm-\p-{K-l-n-\p-thn {]mnp `qan-bnaZyw-sIm-\ sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw IpSn-p-Ibpw thWw.

A`yw-tKmkm-Z\ kv\m\m-hmtkm [q]m-\p-te-]ss\x
kv\nKvtm-jvssW `mhn-X-m-ss\yhm-XntIm aZy-am-N-tc
iotXm-]-Nm-ssc hnhn-ss[ a[p-c-kv\n-Kv-io-Xssex
ss]ntIm `mhn-X-mss\yx ]nt_aZyw \ko-ZXn
D]-Nm-ssc inin-sscbh tKm[qa `pIv]n-t_
ssjvantIm [\z-ssP amwsskaZyw amco-NssIx kl
I^-]n-m--tI-`y a[zoIw am[-h--b
_lp-{Zhw _lp-KpWw _lp-I-a-Zm-Iw
hn[nh-kp-a-Xm-taj `hnjy Zzn`-hm-tb
btYm-]-]n-ssIaZyw ]mXhyw am{X-bm-ln-Xw.
6

hmXm-[n-Iy-ap--h F-tX-v, ico-c-n Xncp-, Ifn, hkv{Xw, [q]w, Ipdn-qv Ch kv\nKv-Xbpw DjvW-ho-cy-apXpam-b-h-sImv sNbvX kv\nKv-Xbpw DjvW-ho-cy-ap--Xp-amb Blm-chpw Idnbpw addpw D]-tbm-Kn-p-sImv aZyw IpSn--Ww. ]nm-[n-Iy-ap--h A`yw-tKm-m-Z\ kv\m\m-Zn-I ioX-f-ambhsImv sNbvXp a[p-c--kv\n-Kv--io-X-f--fmb Blm-cm-Zn-Ifpw addpw D]-tbm-Kn-p-sImv aZyw IpSn--Ww. C{]-Imcw sNbvXm bmsXmcp oWhpw Dm-Ip--X-. I^m-[n-Iy-ap--h A`yw-tKm-m-Z\ kv\m\m-Zn-I DjvW-cq-m-Zn-I-tf-smv sNbvXp bh-n-tbpw tKmX-n-tbpw Aw`npw Ipcp-ap-fIv tNp ]mIwsNbvX PmwK-e-amwkw D]-tbm-Knpw aZyw IpSn--Ww. I^m-[n-Iy-ap--h tXsImpw apn-cn--sImpw Dm-nb aZyw[mcmfw shwtNp IpSn--Ww. AXv hfscKpW--fp-Xpw ico-c-]p-jvSymZn At\Iw I-sf sNp-Xpw el-cn-bp-m-p--Xp-am-Wv. Cu]d aZy-]m-\-hn-[n-I-sfmw [\m-Vy-mp-th-n-bm-Ip-p. ad-dp--h Ah-\-hs [\-n-Xn--\p-k-cn hn`-h--tfmSp IqSnbpw tbmPn-p hn[-n-ep Af-hnepw aZyw D]-tbm-Kn-p-Xv \-Xm-Ip-p.

hmXn-tIm-t`ym-lnXw aZy {]mtbm Ku[nI ss]jvSnIw
KpssW tZmssj Xa-Zy-ap-`-b-tm] eytX
hn[n-\m-am-{X-bm-Imte lnssX-c-ss-cy-Ym-_ew
{]lr-jvtSmbx ]nt_aZyw Xky-kymZ arXw-bYm
btYm-t]Xw ]p\Zyw {]kw-Km--b\ ]obtX
cq-hym-bma \ntXy\ hnj-h-ZymXn Xky-X.
7

hmXm[nIy-ap--hv shw-sImpw Acn-amhvsImpw Dm-paZyw an-hmdpw \-Xm-Ip-p. aZywKpWhpw tZmjhpw cpwDm-n-m-Wp--Xm-Wv. hn[n-{]-Im-chpw anX-amb Af-hnepw DNn-X-amb Imepw lnX-amb Blm-c--tfm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw ico-c-_-e-n--\p-k-cnpw ktm-j-hm-\mbn bmsXm-cp-h aZyw IpSn-p-pthm Ah\v aZyw Aar-Xvt]m-se-bm-Ip-p. cq-i-co-c-{]-Ir-Xn-mcpw kZm tZlm-[zm\w sNp--hcpw sNp--hcpw FhnsS \ns-nepw GsX-nepw hn[-n-ep aZyw bmsXmcp hop-hn-Nm-chpw IqSmsX ]ntbpw ]ntbpw bmsXm-cp-h IpSn-p-pthm Ah\v aZyw hnj-n\v ka-am-bn-cn-pw.

aZyw-lr-Z-b-am-hniy kzKp-ssW-tcm-Ptkm KpWm
Zi-`n Zi-kw-tm-`y-tN-tXm-\-bXn hn{Inbmw
eLqjvW XovW kqvamavf hyhm-bm-ip-K-ta-hN
cqw hnIm-in-hn-iZw aZyw Zi-KpWw kvarXw
Kpcp-ioXw arZp-kv\nKvw a[pcw _l-ew-ncw
{]kw ]nnew vW-tamtPm Zi-KpWw kvarXw.
8

aZyw lrZ-b-n-se-n-bnv kzw KpW--fmb eLq-jvWmZn 10--Kp-W--tf-smv HmP-ns KpW--fmb 10--Kp-W-sf t`n-n-nv a\-n hnIm-cs Dm-p--Xm-Wv. aZyw 1-e-Lp, 2-D-jvWw, 3-Xo-vWw, 4-kq-vaw, 5-A-w, 6-hy-hm-bn, (BZyw ico-c-n hym]np ]noSv ]mIw-h-cn-Ibpw sNp--Xv.) 7-B-ipIw (io-{L-Km-an), 8-cq-w, 9-hn-Imin (k-n-_--sf hnt-Zn--s-Sp--Xv), 10--hn-iZw (h-gp-h-gp-n-m--Xv) Fo ]v KpW--tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-Ip-p. HmP-ns KpW- 1-Kp-cp, 2-io-Xw, 3-ar-Zp-Xzw, 4-kv\n-Kv-Xv, 5-a-[p-cw, 6-_-l-ew, (L-\w) 7-n-cw, 8-{]-k-w(-\n-e-X), 9-]n-n-ew, (h-gp-h-gp-v) 10--vWw (an-\p-kw) Fn-h-bm-Ip-p.

Kuchw emL-hm ssiXy-au-jvW-am-Zavf kz`m-hXx
am[pcyw amhw ssXvWym {]km-Z-m-ip-`m-h-\m
cuym kvt\lw hyhm-bn-Xzm ncXzw vW-Xm-a]n
hnIm-in-`m-hm ss]neyw sshi-Zym km{-Xmw-XYm
kuvaym-aZyw \nl-tyh tamPkx kzKp-ssW KpWm.
9

aZy-ns eLp-Xzw-sImv HmP-ns Kpcp-Xz-t-bpw, DjvW-Xzw-sImv ioX-f-X-tbbpw A-kz-`m-hw-sImv am[p-cy-t-bpw, XovW-X-sImv arZp-Xz-t-bpw, Bip-`m-hw-sImv {]k--X-tb-bpw, cq-X-I-sImv kv\nKv-X-tb-bpw, hymhm-bn-Xzw-sImv nc-Xz-t-bpw, hnIm-in-Xzw-sImv vW-X-tb-bpw, hni-Zw-sImv ]nn-eXtbbpw, kqva-Xzw-sImv km{-X-tbbpw \jvS-s-Sp-p--Xm-Ip-p. aZy-ns 10--Kp-W- HmP-ns 10--Kp-W-sf \in-n-p--Xn-{]-Im-c-am-Ip-p.

kXzw XZm-{i-b-mip kwt`y Ipcp-tX-aZw
ck-hm-XmZn ammWmw kXz-_p-o-{n-bm-\mw
{][m-\-kyu-P-k-ssh lrZ-bw-m-\-ap-NytX
AXn-]o-tX\ atZy\ hnl-tX-\u-P-kw-N-X
lrZbw hnhrXnw bmXn X{X-m-tbN [mXhx.
10

HmP--b-ap-m-Ip-tm AXns\ B{i-bn-n-cn-p a\v tm-`n-nv aZw Dm-Ip--Xm-Ip-p. (A-Yhm aZyw a\-n-t\bpw HmP-n-t\bpw B{i-bn-n-cn-p lrZ-b-n t`-ap-m-n-bnv aZs Dm-p--Xm-Wv. ck-c-m-Zn-[mXp am--fp-tSbpw hmXm-Zn-tZm-j-am--fp-tSbpw a\-v, _pn, C{n-b-, Bmhv Ch-bp-tSbpw {][m-\-amb HmP-n-tbpw m\w lrZ-b-am-sWv ]d-b-s-Sp-p. (CXv kq{X-m\w 30-mw Aym-b-n hnh-cn-n-p-v.) AXn-bmbn aZy-]m\w sNp-I-\n-anw HmP-n\v \yq\X kw`-hn-p--Xp-sImv lrZ-bhpw lrZ-bs B{i-bn-p-\n-evp [mXzm-Zn-Ifpw hnIr-X-am-Ip--Xm-Wv. AYhm IqSp-X Xpd-p-t]m-Ip--Xm-Wv.

HmP-ky-hn-ltX ]qtm-lr-ZnN {]Xn-t_m-[ntX
a[y-tam-hn-ltX ƒt]Xp hnltX Xp-tcm-aZx
ss\hw hnLmXw Ipcp-tX-aZyw ss]jvSn-I-tam-Pkvx
hnImin cq-hn-iZm KpW--{Xm-Xn-t\m-ev_Wmx
11

Aev]-amb aZy-]m-\w-sImv HmP-n hnLm-X-ap-m-Im-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw lrZ-b-n DWp-m-Ip-I-bpw sNp--Xm-Wv. CXv Hm-a-t-Xmb aZ-am-Ip-p. HmP-ns Aev]-lm-\n-bn-em-Is ay-a-aZw Dm-Ip--Xm-Wv. HmP-ns ]q-lm-\n-bn-em-Is Ah-km-\-t-Xmb aZw Dm-Ip--Xm-Wv. ss]jvSn-I-aZyw C{]-Im-c-ap HmtPm-\m-is Dm-p--X-. AXn hnIm-in--cq---hn-i-Z-Kp-W- IqSp-X-em-bp-m-Ip--X-.

lrZn-a-Zy-Kp-Wm-hnjvtS lj-kvXtjm-cXnx kpJw
hnIm-cm bYm-kXzw Nn{Xm-cm-P-k-Xm-akmx
Pmb-t-tam-l-\n-{Zmm aZ-kymXn \ntj-h-Wm
kaZy hn{`tam \mav\m aZ-an-Xy-`n-[o-b-tX.
12

lrZ-b-n aZy-ns KpWw {]th-in-m ktm-jw, B{Klw (Zm-lw), cXn-kpJw Ch-bp-m-hp-Ibpw kXz-Kp-W-n--\p-k-cn-p \m\m-hn[ hnIm-c- (c-tPm-KpW {][m-\-\m-sW-n cmP-kn-I-hpw, Xtam-KpW {][m-\-\m-sW-n Xma-kn-I-hp-am-bn-p \m\m-hn[ hnIm-c-) Dm-hp-Ibpw sNpw. aZyw AXn-bmbn D]-tbm-Kn-m Ah-km\w taml-\n{Z Dm-Ip--Xm-Wv. A{]-Im-c-ap aZy-hn-{`-a-n\v aZw Fv t]cv ]d-b-s-Sp-p.

]ob-am-\ky aZyky hnm-X-hym-kv{X-tbm-aZmx
{]Y-tam-a-[ytam ƒy e-ssW-kvXm {]N--tX.
13

aZyw IpSn-m-ep-m-Ip aZ- aqp-hn-[-n-em-sW--dn-b-Ww. 1-{]-Y-aw, 2-a-y-aw, 3-Ayw Chsb e-W-k-lnXw hnh-cn-mw.

{]ljWx {]oXn-Icx ]m\m--Kp-W-ZiIx
]mT-KoX {]`m-jymWmw XJ-\m {]hIx
\N-_p-n-kvar-Xn-ltcm hnj-tb-jp\ Nmax
kpJw-\n{Zm {]t_m-[ {][ax kpJ-tZm-aZx
14

aZy-ns {]Y-a-aZw ktm-j-{]-Z-am-Wv. {]oXnsb Dm-pw, A-]m-\m-Zn-I Ign-p--Xn tem`-ap-m-p--X-. ]T-\w, ]mv, {]`m-j-Ww, IY Fn-h-I-fpsS {]h-\-s-bp-m-pw, _pnbpw [mc-Wm-i-nbpw Ipd-p-I-bn-. hnj-b--fn a-tI-Sp-m-p-I-bn-. kpJ-amb Dd-n-t\bpw kpJ-amb DWn-t\bpw Dm-pw, kpJ-{]-Z-am-bn-cn-p-Ibpw sNpw.

aplpx kvarXnap-lptam-tlm-hym ƒhym N hmMvaplpx
bpm-bp {]em-] {]]-em-b-\-ta-hN
m\-]m-\m kwI-Yy-tbm-P\mx khn-]-cybm
enwKm-\y-Xm\n Pm\n-bm-Zm-hnjvtS ay-ta-a-tZ.
15

ay-a-a-Z-n CS-n-Sv Hm-Xbpw CS-n-Sbvv tamlm-e-kyhpw Dm-Ipw, hyhpw Ahy--hp-amb hmv CS-n-Sv ]d-p-sIm-n-cn-pw, Nne-tm bpm-\p-k-cWw kwkm-cn-pw, Nne-tm Akw-_w ]d-bpw, Nne-tm `b-s-tm-Sp--Xp-t]mse HmSpw, m\--]m-\--A--sf kw_-nv DNn-X-ambn sNp-Ibpw ]d-bp-Ibpw sNpw. aZy-ns ay-a-aZw _m[n-m C{]-Im-c-ap e-W--fp-m-bn-cn-p-sa--dn-b-Ww.

a[y-aw-a-Z-ap{Iay aZ-a-{]m-]y-tNm-cw
\ Inn-m-ip`w Ipcypcm cmP-k-Xm-Pkmx
tIma-Zw-Xm-Zriw hnZzm-\p-m-Z-anh ZmcpWw
Ipcy-tZ-zm-\-a-kzw _lp-tZm-j-an-hm-[zKx
16

aya aZm-h--hnp Ana aZm-h--bn Fp--Xn\p apm-bn-p Ah--bn ctPm-Kp-W-hm-\m-bmepw Xtam-Kp-W-hm-\m-bmepw bmsXmcp ip`m-ip-`-Im-cy-fpw sNp--X-. GXp-hn-Zzm-\mWv Dm-Z-Xp-ey-amb C{]-Im-c-ap Zmcp-W-amb aZm-h-sb {]]n-p-hm-\m-{K-ln-pI? Bcpw B{K-ln-p--X-. F{]-Im-c-sa-m hgn-bm-{X-m-c \S-p-hm hnj-a-ap-Xpw aen-\--fp-Xpw Iv, apv apX-emb _lp-tZm-j--fp--Xp-amb t]cp-h-gnsb CjvS-s-Sm--Xp-t]mse aZy-ns Zqjn-X-amb aZm-h-sb {]m]n-p-hm Hcp hnZzm\pw B{K-ln-p--X-.

XrXo-b-p-aZw {]m]y `-Zmoh \njv{Inbx
_lp-tam-lm-hrX a\m-Po-h ]narssXx kax
ca-Wo-bm khn-j-bm \th-n\ kplr-\w
bZw ]ob-tX-aZyw cXnw-Xm \hn-Xn
Imcym-Imcyw kpJw ZpxJw b-temtI lnXm-lnXw
bZ-h-tm-\-Pm-\mXn tIm ƒh-mwXmw {htP-Zv_p[x
kZqjyx k-`q-Xm\mw \ny-m-kly GhN
hyk-\n-Xzm-Zp-Zt N k ZpxJw hym[n-a-iv\p-tX.
17

aZy-ns aZs {]m]n-nv apdn-n acw-t]mse \njv{In-b-\m-hp-Ibpw a\v _lp-tam-l-m Bhr-X-am-bnv Poh-\p-s-nepw acn--Xn\v ka-am-bn-cn-p-Ibpw sNp--h ca-Wo-b-amb hnj-b--tftbm kplr--\--tftbm Hpw-Xs Adn-bp-n-. bmsXmcp kpJ-n-\p-th-n-bmtWm aZyw D]-tbm-Kn-p-Xv B kpJw-t]mepw Ah\v Inp--X-. Cu Ah--bn temI-n-ep Imcyw, AIm-cyw, ZpxJw, kpJw, lnXw, AlnXw apX-em-bh Hpw-Xs Ah Adn-bp--X-. GXv _pn-am-\mWv B Ah--bn-tev Kan-pI? Bcpw Kan-p--X-. aZm-h-sb {]m]np Zpjn--h k Pohn-Ipw \ny-\mbpw Ak-l-\o-b-\p-am-bn--s-bn-cn-pw. Ah hyk-\w-sImv ]noSv aZm-Xyb tcmKn-bm-bn-o-cp--Xm-Wv.

t{]Xy-tN-l-N-b-t{bx t{i-tbm-tam-t-N-b]cw
a\x kam[u Xk-am-bw k-tZ-ln-\mw.
18

k-Po-hn-Ipw Cl-tem-I-n-ept{ibpw ]c-tem-I-n-ep]c-a-amb t{ibpw bmtXm-ptm AsX-mw-Xsa\-ns GIm-{K-X-bnam{Xw A[o-\-am-Ip--Xm-Wv. (aZyw am\-kn-Im-[x-]-X-\s Dm-p-sapw Cl-tem-I-nepw ]c-tem-I-n-ep-ap t{ib-ns\ \in-n-p-sapw Aw.)

atZy\ a\-k-mky kwt`x {IbtX alm
alm-am-cp-X-th-tK\ XS--sskyh imJn\x
aZy-{]-kw-Kw-Xw-mXzm alm-tZmjw alm-KZw
kpJ-an-Xy-[n-K-n ctPm-tam-l-]-cm-PnXmx
atZym-]-lX hnm-\mZv hnapmx kmXzn-ssIKpssWx
t{itbm-`n hn{]-bp-Pyt aZm-m-a-Zy-em-ekmx.
19

Aan-X-ambn aZy-]m\w sNp--hs a\v AXn-bmbn tm`n-p--Xm-Ip-p. A{]-Imcw a\x-tm-`-ap-m-b-h in-bmb Imd-dvsImv Pem-i-b-ns Ic-bn \nevp hr-sa--t]mse Bbn-o-cp--Xm-Wv. C{]-Im-c-sa-m-ap aZy-ns tNsb alm-tZm-j-am-sWpw aZm-Xy-bmZn alm-tcm-K-sf Dm-p--Xm-sWpw a\-n-em-n-bnpw ctPm-Kp-Whpw tamlhpw ]cm-P-b-s--h kpJ-am-sWv IcpXn aZys kzoI-cn-p--Xm-Ip-p. aZy-]m-\w-sImv hnm\w \in-p-I-bpw, kmXzn-I-Kp-W-hn-ap--\m-hp-I-bpw, aZm--\m-hp-I-bpw, aZy-]m-\-nXs kZm {]_-e-amb C-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXm Hcn-epw t{ib-p-m-Ip--X-.

atZy-tam-tlm-`-bw-timIx t{Imt[m-ar-Xyp kw{inXx
tkmm-Z-aZ aqmZymx km]-kvamcm hXm-\Imx
bss{XIx kvarXn-hn-{`w-i-kvXXx k-a-km-[p-h
CtXyhw aZy-tZm-j-m-aZyw \n-n-c-XzXx
20

tamlw, `bw, ZpxJw, t{Im[w, ac-Ww, Dm-Zw, aZw, tamlm-ekyw apX-em-b-hbpw A]-kvam-chpw A]-Xm-\I hmX-tcm-Khpw aZys B{i-bn-p-m-Ip--Xm-Wv. FhnsS Hcp kvarXn-\miw kw`-hn-p-pthm AhnsS Fm Imcy-fpw Zpcm-Nm-cw-t]mse Bbn-cnpw AXm-bXv aZyw-sImv kvarXn-\miw h-h GXp Zpcm-Nm-c-fpw sNp-sa-w. aZy-ns C{]-Im-c-sa-m-ap tZmj-sf Adn-bp--h aZys \nn-p--Xm-Ip-p.

kXy-tamX alm-tZmjm aZy-tkym-m-\-kw-ibx
Aln-X-kym-Xn-am-{Xky ]oXky hn[n-hnXw
Inp-aZyw kz`m-th\ bssY-hmw IYm-kvarXw
Abp-n-bpw tcmKmb bpn-bpw bYm-ar-Xw.
21

aZy-n\v ]d Cu alm-tZm-j- kXy-am-bn-p--XmWv kwi-b-an-. AXp-sImv Aln-X-ambpw Aan-X-ambpw hn[n-{]-Im-c-a-m-sXbpw aZyw IpSn--cp-Xv. Fm aZyw kz`m-hn-I-ambn A-n\v Xpey-am-sWv a\-n-em--Ww. aZyw bpn-]qw D]-tbm-Kn-p-n-s-n tcmK-n-\mbpw bpn-]qw D]-tbm-Kn-p--Xm-bm Aar-Xn-\p-Xp-ey-am-bp-an-cn-pw.

{]mWmx {]mW-`r-Xm-aw XX-bpym \nl-y-kq
hnjw {]mW-lcw X bpn-bpw ckm-b-\w.
22

{]mWn-I-fpsS {]mWs\ cn-p-Xv A-am-Ip-p. AXv bpn-]q-a-msX D]-tbm-Kn-m {]mWs\ l\n-p--Xm-Wv. hnjw {]mWs\ \in-n-p--Xm-Ip-p. AXpw bpn-bpw D]-tbm-Kn-p--Xm-bm ckm-b-\-am-bn-cn-pw. AXp-sImv bpn ]qw D]-tbm-Kn-p aZyw tZmjs Dm-p--X-. adn-m-bm tZmj-am-sW-w.

lj-aqtPm-aqZw ]pjvSn-am-tcm-Kbw ]ucp-jw-_ew
bpym-]oXw Itcm-Xym-ip-aZyw aZ-kp-J-{]Zw
tcmN\w Zo]\w lrZyw-kz-c-h-{]-km-Z\w
{]oW\w _rwlWw _eyw-`-b-timI {iam-]lw
kzm]\w \jvS-\n-{ZmWw aqIm\mw hmKzn-tim-[\w
t_m[-\-mXn \n{ZmWmw hn_-m\mw hn_--\p
h[-_--]-cn-t-iZpxJm\m-m-]y-t_m-[Iw
cXnhn-jb kwtbm-tK-{]oXn kwt`mK h\w
A{]n-{]-h-bkmw aZy-apk-hm-tamZ Imc-Iw.
23

bpn-]qhw D]-tbm-Kn-p aZyw imco-cn-I-amb ktm-js hn-n-pw. a\x-k-tm-js Dm-pw, ico-cs ]pjvSn-s-Sp-pw, Btcm-Kys Dm-pw, ]ucp-j-_-es (ip--s) hn-n-pw, kpJ-{]-Z-amb el-cnsb Dm-p-Ibpw sNpw. Chsb Fmw W-n Dm-p-Ibpw sNp--Xm-Wv. am{X-a anX-am-bp-]-tbm-Kn-p aZyw cpNnsb Dm-pw, Zo]-\-i-nsb hn-n-pw, lrZ-b-{]n-b-am-bn-cn-pw. kzc-am-[p-cy-tbpw h-{]-km-Z-tbpw Dm-pw, Xr]vXn-I-c-am-Wv, ico-cs XS-n-pw. _es hn-n-pw, `bw, ZpxJw, oWw Chsb Xopw, Dd-n-m--hv Dd-ns\ Dm-pw, aqI-mv hmn\v ipn-bp-m-pw, ae-_--ap--h-cpsS ae_s Cm-Xm-pw, h[w apX-emb tiw-sImv ZpxJn-p--hv B A\p-`hw Cm-Xm-Ipw. aZyw-sImv Dmb tcmK-sf aZyw-Xs AI-d-dp--Xm-Wv, ssaYp-\m-h-k-c-n {]oXnbpw ka-b-ssZLyhpw Dm-p--Xm-Wv. (A-Yhm cq]--i-_vZmZn hnj-b--fn {]oXnbpw tNbpw hn-p--Xm-sW-w.) hr-mp-t]mepw aZyw D-h-tbpw ktm-j-tbpw Dm-p--Xm-Wv.

]-kztjp Imtay-jp-bm-cXnx {]Y-ta-atZ
bq\mw hm hn-cmWmw hmX-ky-\m-kvXyp-]-am-`qhn
_lp-Zpx-J--X-kymky timssI-cp-]-l-X-kyN
hn{itam Poh-tem-Iky aZyw-bpym \ntj-hnXw
24

aZy-ns {]Ya aZ-n bphm--mm-bmepw hr-mm-bmepw ]t-{n-b--fnq-Sn-bp hnj-b-kp-J--fn bmsXmcp B\w A\p-`-h-s-Sp-pthm B B\--tmSv D]-an-p-hm Cu temI-n Hpw-X-s-bn-. _lp-hn-[-n-ep ZpxJ--fm X-ta-d-d-hcpw At\-I-hn[ ZpxJ--fm B]-n-e-I-s--h-cp-amb temI-hm-kn-Iv bpym-\p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-p--Xmb aZyw ZpxJm-Zn-I-fn \nv tamN\w Inp-hm-\p Hcp tlXp-hm-Wv.

A-]m-\-h-tbm-hym[n _e-Im-e-{Xn-Im-Wn-jSv
\m tZmjm{Xnhn[w kXzw-mXzm aZyw-]n-t_kZm
Gjmw {XnIm-Wm-a-jvSm\mw tbmP-\m-bp-n-cn-jytX
bbm-bpym ]n_aZyw aZyw tZmssj \ bpPytX
aZy-ky-N-Kp-Wm km btYm-m k ka-iv\ptX
[m-tbm-c-]o-Um-ssb-\cx kXz-Kp-tWm-nXx.
25

A-{Xn-Iw, hmX-Ic Aw, ]n-Ic Aw, I^-Ic Aw), ]m\-{XnIw (hm-X-Ic ]m\w, ]n-I-c-]m-\w, I^-I-c-]m-\w) hbx-{XnIw (_m-ey-bu-h\ hm-Iyw) hym[n-{XnIw (km-yw, bm]yw, Akm-yw, AYhm arZp, ayw, Xo{hw), _e-{XnIw ({]-h-cw, Ah-cw, ay-aw,) Ime-{XnIw (io-Xw, DjvWw, hjw,), tZmj-{XnIw (hm-Xw, ]nw, I^w) kXz-{XnIw (km-Xzn-Iw, cmP-kw, Xma-kw), Chsb a\-n-em-n-bnv a\p-jy AXn-\-\p-k-cnv Ftmgpw aZyw IpSn--Ww. aZy-]m-\-n\v apmbn Cu Fv {XnI--tfbpw hnNn-\w sNbvXp aZy-]m\w sNp--Xn\v bpn Fv ]d-bp-p. Cu bpn-{]-Imcw aZyw IpSn-p--h\v aZyw-sImv tZmj- Dm-Ip--X-. C{]-Imcw D]-tbm-Kn-p--h [m- \in-msX kXz-KpW {][m-\-\mbn aZy-n\v ]d Fm-hn[ KpW--tfbpw A\p-`-hn-p--Xm-bn-cn-pw.

kXzm-\nXp {]_p-yt {]mbix {]Y-ta-atZ
Znhn-Xotb hyXmw bmn aty tNm-c-a-ytbmx
kXz-kw-t_m-[Iw lj-taml {]IrXn ZiIw
lpXmi Ch-`q-Xm\mw aZ-q-`-b-Im-cIw
{][m-\m-hc aym\mw cpIvamWmw hyn-ZinIx
bYm-n-tch kXzm\mw aZyw {]Ir-Xn-Zi-Iw.
26

aZy-ns {]YaaZ-n an-hmdpw kXz-c-P-kvXtam KpW-sf DWp--Xm-bn-cn-pw. cm-a-tbpw aqm-a-tbpw aZ-ns aym-h--bn kXzmZn KpW- hy-am-Ip--Xm-Wv. cm-as aZ-n kXzm-Zn-Kp-W- Aev]w hy-am-Ip--Xm-Wv. aqm-as aZ-n Fmw Ahy--am-Ip--Xm-Wv. k-`q-X-pw anX-am-bm KpW-tbpw Aan-X-am-bm tZmj-tbpw sNp--Xmb An F-t]mse aZy-am-Is kmXzn-ImZn a\-w-t_m-[-I-amb lcvj-{]-Ir-Xn, taml-{]-IrXn Fo cn-t\bpw Dm-p--Xm-Wv. F{]-Imcw kzmZn [mXp--fpsS t{ijvT-X, ay-a-X, \oNX Chsb An-kv]-jvS-am-p-pthm AtX-{]-Imcw aZyw a\-ns {]Ir-X-amb kXz, cP-kvXtam KpW-sf hy-amn ImWn-p--Xm-Wv.

kpK-n-am-ey-K-ssm kp{]-Wo-X-a-\m-Ipew
anjvSm--]m-\-hn-iZw kZm-a-[p-c-kw-IYw
kpJ-{]-]m\w kpa-Zw-lj-{]oXn hnh-\w
kzp-km-Xzo-I-am-]m\w \tNm--c-a-Z-{]Zw
sshKpWw kl-km-bmn aZy-tbm-Km \ kmXznImx
kl-km-\N KrlvWm-Xn-aZx kXz-_-em-[n-Iw.
27

kpK--ap ame-Itfm kpK--ap{Zhy-tfm AWnpw a{--tf-smv kwkvI-cnpw \n`-b-\mbpw \ a[p-c-ap A-]m-\--tfm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw Fm-bvtmgpw \ hmp-I ]dpw kpJ-ambn IpSn-p-Ibpw kpJ-ambel-cn-am{Xw Dm-hp-Ibpw ktm-jhpw {]oXnbpw hn-p-Ibpw AXm-bXv EXp--\p-k-cnp IpSn-p-Ibpw aqm-a-s-aZw Cm-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw sNp-Xv kmXzn-I-Kp-W-m-cpsS aZy-]m\ k`-bpsS e-W-am-Ip-p. kmXzn-I-Kp-W-m aZy-]m-\w-sImv s]sv at\m-ssh-Kp-Wys {]m]n-p--X-. kXz-_-em-[n-Iy-ap--hsc aZy-ns aZw s]sv _m[n-p--Xp-a-.

kuaym-ku-ay-I-Ym-{]mbw hni-Zm-hn-iZw tW
Nn{Xw-cmP kam-]m\w {]mtb-Wm-iz--am-Ip-ew.
28

\XpwNo-bp-am-b-I-Y-I ]d-bp-Ibpw W-n{]k--am-hp-Ibpw W-nA{]-k--am-hp-Ibpw ]e-am-XncnhnIr-Xn-I ImWn-p-Ibpw an-hmdpwAh-km\w Akz--\m-hp-IbpwsNp-Xv cmPkaZy-]m\k`-bpsS e-W-am-Ip-p. AXm-bXv cm-a-t-Xmb aZ-e--W-am-Ip-p.

lj-{]oXn XJm-t]-X-a-XpjvSw ]m\-t`m-Pt\
ktm-l-t{Im-[-\n-{Zm--am-]m\w kw-kvarXw
29

ktm-jhpw {]oXn-bp-ap IY-I-sfm-pw ]d-bm-sXbpw A-]m-\--fn CjvS-an-m-sXbpw Ah-km\w t_m[-an-m-bvabpw t{Im[hpw Ddpw Dm-hp-Ibpw sNp-Xv Xma-k-a-Zy-]m\ k`-bpsS e-W-am-Ip-p. AXm-bXv aqm-a-t-Xmb aZ-e--W-am-Ip-p.

B]mt\ kmXv]n-Im _pzm-X-Ym-cm-Pk Xma-km
Plym klmss\yx ]oXzmXp aZy-tZm-jm-\p-]m-iv\ptX
kpJ-ioemx kpkm-`mjmx kpapJmx kXmx kXmw
Iem-kp-hm-Iy-hn-jbm hnjb {]_-em-tb
]c-kv]c hnt[-bmtb tbjm-ssaIyw kplr-bm
{]lj-{]oXn am[p-sscy-cm-]m\w h-b-n-tX.
30

aZy-]m-\-k-`-bn kmXznI KpW-hm \-hw Btem-Nn-nv cmP-k-a-Zy-]m\ k`-tbbpw Xmak aZy-]m\ k`-tbbpw Xn--f-b-Ww. Ah-\-hs KpW--tfmSv tNcp--h-cp-am-b-msX addv KpW--fp--h-cp-ambn tNp aZyw IpSn-m-em-Is aZy-ns tZmjw Ch-t\bpw _m[n-p--Xm-bn-cn-pw. \ ioe-Kp-W-ap--hcpw \-hmv ]d-bp--hcpw kpap-J-mcpw k-\-v k-X-mcpw Ie-I-fn Xmev]-cy-ap--hcpw Npx-t{im-{XmZn C{n-b-v _e-ap--hcpw At\ym\yw ]d-m a\-n-em-Ip--hcpw kulm-]-c-ambn sFIy-ap--hcpw Hcp-an-n-cpp ktm-jw, {]oXn, a[pcyw Ch-tbm-Sp-IqSn \S-p--Xmb aZy-]m-\-k` ktm-js hn-n-p--Xm-Ip-p.

D-hm-Zp--h-Xcw tbjm-m-t\ym-\y-Zi\w
tb klmbmx kpJw-]m-t\ssXx ]n_ kl-tam-ZtX
cq]-K ck-kv]ssix i_vssZ-m-]n-a-t\m-lsscx
]n_n kp klm-bmtb tXssh-kp-Ir-Xn`nx kam
]-`n hnj-ssb-cnjvssS cq]-t]-ssXa-\kx {]nssbx
tZti-Imte ]nt_-Zyw {]lr-jvtS-\m--cm-\m
nc-kXz ico-cmtb ]pcmWm aZy-]m-\zbmx
_lp-a-tZym-Nn-Xm-tbN amZyn kl-km-\-tX.
31

bmsXm-cp-h aZy-]m-\w-sN-p-tm At\ym\yw t\mn-bnv AXywB\-n-p-pthm bmsXm-cp-h kpJ-ambaZy-]m-\-n klm-bn-I-fm-bn-o-cp-pthm Ah-tcm-Sp-IqSn aZy-]m\w sNp-Xv ktmj {]Z-am-Ip-p. bmsXm-cp-h at\m-l-c-amb cq]--K---kv]i--i-_vZ--tfm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw Gd-dhpw tbmPn-tm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw aZy-]m\wsNp-pthm AhkpIr-Xn-I-tfmSv ka-m-cm-bn-o-cp--Xm-Wv. a\-n-\n-W-n-bXpw B{K-l-n-s\m--Xp-amb ]t-{nbkpJ--tfm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw D-a-amb e-p-shpw aZy-]m-\-n\v tbmPn-p--Xmb ka-bpw Dv Xpd ktm-j-tm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw aZy-]m\wsN-Ww. ico-chpw a\pwnc-am-bn-p--hcpw aZy-]m\w ioe-ap Ipe-n P\n--hcpw [mcmfwaZyw D]-tbm-Knp ioe-ap--hcpw ss]sv aZyw-sImv aZn-p--X-.

p]n-]m-km-]-co-Xm--Zp_em hmX-ss]-nImx
cqm] {]an-Xm-lmcm hn{i_v[mx kXz-Zp_emx
t{Im[nt\m ƒ\p-NnXmx oWmx ]cn-{imm aZ-Xmx
kzt]-\m-]n-aZw io{Lw-bmn atZy\ am\hmx.
32

hnipw Zmlhpw IqSp-X-em-bp--hcpw Zp_-e-mcpw hmX--]n {]Ir-Xn-mcpw cq-i-coc {]Ir-Xn-mcpw Aev]m-lmcw Ign--hcpw im-kz-`m-h-mcpw at\m Zu_-ey-ap--hcpw tImcv[-ap--hcpw aZyw ioe-an-m--hcpw oWn-N-XvN-hcpw ITn-\m-zm\w sNp--hcpw aZ-n\v X-ta-d-d-h-cp-amb a\p-jy Aev]-amb aZy-]m-\w-sImv W-n aZs {]m]n-p--Xm-Wv.

Duzw aZm-Xy-b-kymXx kw`hw k kze-Ww
An-thi NnIn-m {]h-yman bYm-{I-aw.
33

Atbm An-thi! C\n-b-tmv aZm-Xy-b-ns tlXp, AXm-Xns e-W-, NnInk Chsb bYm-{Iaw hnh-cn-p-X-cmw.

kv{Xotim-I-`-b-`m-cm[z I-`ntbm ƒXn-IjnXx
cqm-ev]-{]-an-Xm-in-Nbx ]n_-Xy-Xn-am-{Xbm
cqw ]cn-W-Xw-a-Zy-\n-in-\n{Zmw \nl-XyN
Itcm-Xn-Xky Xo{Lw hmX-{]mbw aZm-Xybw
lnm-izm-k-incx I-]miz-iqe {]Pm-Ksscx
hnZymZv _lp-{]-em-]ky hmX-{]mbw aZm-Xy-bw.
34

kv{Xotk-h, timIw, `bw, `mcw-Np-a-, hgn-\-Sw Fo {]hn-I-tf-smv AXn-bmbn oWn--h\pw cq-{]-Ir-Xn-m-c\pw Aev]m-lmcwIgn--h\pw ]q-ho-cy-ap-Xpw]g-In-b-Xp-amb aZywcm{Xn Dd-sm-gnp GsXm-cp-h IqSp-X-embnIpSn-p-pthm Ah\v BaZyw W-n hmX-{]-[m-\-amb aZm-XybtcmKs Dm-p--Xm-Wv. Fn-, izmkw-ap-, Xe-hn-d-b, hmcn---bn thZ-\, Dd-n-m-bva, A[n-I-amb t]]-d-n ChhmXm-[n-Iy-amb aZm-Xy-b-ns e-W--fm-Ip-p.

XovtWmjvWw aZy-a-avf-tbm ƒXn-am{Xw \ntj-htX
AavtfmjvW XovW-t`m-Po-N-t{Im-[t\m ƒym-X-{]nbx
Xmtkym-]-Pm-btX ]nmZv hnti-tjW aZm-Xybx
e-Wm\n `h-yky bm\n-Xm\n \nt_m-[ta
XrjvWm-Zm-l-Pz-c-tkzZ tamlm-Xo-kmc hn{`ssax
hnZym--cnX hky ]n-{]mbw aZm-Xy-bw.
35

A-c-k-ap-Xpw DjvW-ho-cy-ap-Xpw XovW-X-bp--Xp-amb BlmcwIgn-p--hcpw t{Im[n-bpw, Xobnepwshbn-enepw {]nb-ap--h-cpw, XovW-X-bp-Xpw DjvW-ho-cy-ap-Xpw A-c-k-ap--Xp-amb aZywIqSp-X-embn bmsXm-cp-hIpSn-p-pthm Ah\v hnti-jnpw ]hn-m-[n-Iy-ap--XmbaZm-Xy-b-tcmKw Dm-Ip--Xm-Ip-p. B ss]nIaZm-Xy-b-n\v GsXmw e-W--fptm Ahsbhnh-cn-p-X-cmw. Zmlw, DjvWw, Pzcw, hnbv, tamlw, AXn-km-cw, Xe-Np-d-d Chbpw ico-c-n]-\n-dhpw ]nm-[n-Iy-apaZm-Xy-b-ns e-W--fm-sWv a\-n-em--Ww.

XcpWw a[pcw{]mbw KuUw ss]jvSn-I-tah hm
a[p-c-kv\nKv Kpm-iobx ]n_-Xy-Xn-am-{Xbm
Ahym-bma Znhm-kz]v\ km-k\ kptcXx
aZm-Xybw I^-{]mbw {]m]vt\m-Xn-k-]cw ]pa 
Oy-tcm-NI lrmk X{m-kvssX-anXy Kucsshx
hnZym-o-X-]-co-Xky I^-{]mbw aZm-Xy-bw.
36

a[p-c-ap-Xpw kv\nKv-X-bp-Xpw Kpcp-Xz-ap--Xp-amb BlmcwIgn-p-Ibpw hymbm-a-an-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw ]I-ep-d-p-Ibpw kpJ-ambnCcn-p--Xnepw InS-p--Xnepw Xmev]cyw ImWn-p-Ibpw sNp bmsXm-cp-h aqs-m-Xpw an-hmdpw a[p-c-ap-Xpw shw-sIm-tm, imen-j-jvSn-Im-Zn-I-tf-smv Dm-n-b-Xp-amb aZywIqSp-X-embn IpSn-p-pthm AhGd-dhpw I^m-[n-Iy-ap--Xmb aZm-Xy-tcm-Ks {]m]n-p--Xm-Wv. On, Acp-Nn, s\vI-n-v, aSn, icocw Cf-m Ign-bm-bvI, ico-c-I-\w, ssiXyw _m[n--Xm-bn-tXm-pI ChI^m-[n-Iy-ap aZmXye-W--fm-Wv.

hnj-ky-tb-Kp-Wm-ZrjvSmx kn-]mX {]tIm-]Imx
X Gh-atZy ZriythntjXp _e-h-cm
CXym-ip-ln-hnjw Inn Inn t{ZmKm-b-I-ev]tX
bYm-hnjw XssY-hm-tym-ttbm aZy-Ir-tXm-aZx
Xkvam {XntZm-j-Pw-enwKw kh-{Xm]n aZm-Xytb
Zriy-tX-cq] sshti-jym ]rY-z-m]n ey-tX.
37

{XntZm-j--tfbpw tIm]n-n-p--Xmb bmsXmcp 10--Kp-W- hnj-n\v ImW-s-Sp-pthm B 10--Kp-W- XsaZy-nepw ImWp--Xm-Wv. Fm hnj-n _e-h-n-c-am-bn-cn-pw. Nne hnj-am-Is W-n{]mW-lm\n hcppw Nne hnjw tcmKs Dm-p--Xp-am-Wv. hnjw F{]-Im-c-amtWm AtX-{]-Imcw Xs-bmWv aZy-ns Ay-a-Z-nepw Dm-hpI F-dn-b-Ww. AXp-sImv Fm-hn[ aZm-Xy-b-nepw {XntZm-j-P-\y-amb e-W- ImWp--Xm-Wv. Fm Nne-{]-tXyI e-W- ImW-hp--Xm-Wv. Fm Nne-{]-tXyI e-W--fm hmX-a-Zm-Xy-bw, ]n-a-Zm-Xy-bw, I^-a-Zm-Xybw Fn-s\ {]tXyIw {]tXy-I-ambpw IW-m-m-hp--Xm-Wv.

Kcoc ZpxJw-_-e-h {]tamtlm lrZ-b-hyYm
AcpNnx {]XXm-Xr-jvWm-Pzcx iotXm-jvW-e-Wx
incx ]mizmn ko\mw thZ-\m-ho--tX-bYm
PmbtX ƒXn-_-emPr `mkv^p-cWw th]\ {iax
Dtcm-hn-_x Imk--izmtkm lnm-{]-Pm-Kcx
ico-c-Ix Imn apJ-tcmK kv{XnI-{Klx
Onhn-Uvt`Z Dttim hmX-]n I^m-Ix
{`a-{]-em-t]m-cq-]m-Wm-a-k-Xm-ssh Zi\w
XrW-{]-em-t]m-cq-]m-Wm-a-k-Xm-ssh Zi\w
XrW-`-kva-e-Xm-] ]mwip-`n-mh ]qcWw
{][jWw hnlw-ssK {`m-tNXmx ka-\ytX
hymIp-em-\ma ikvXm\mw kz]v\m\mw Zi-\m-\nN
aZm-Xy-b-ky-cq-]mWn km-tWy-Xm\n e-tb.
38

AXn-bmb ico-c-]o-U, C{n-b-hn-j-b--fn Ak-a-X, lrZ-b-]o-U, Acp-Nn, IqSp-X Zmlw, Nne-tm ioX-e--W--tfm-Sp-Iq-SnbPzchpw Nne-tm DjvW-e--W--tfm-Sp-Iq-SnbPzchpw Dm-hp-I, inc-v, hmcn--, An-k-n, Fn-hn-S--fn X-nD-Xp-t]m-se-bp thZ-\, AXn-bmbn tImp-hm-bp-m-hp-I, AwK-kv^p-c-Ww, hnd-b, oWw, s\n XSw tXmp-I, Imkw, izmk-tcm-Kw, Fn-, Dd-n-m-bva, tZlwhnd-p-I, I-tcmKw, t\{X-tcm-Kw, apJ-tcm-Kw, Ac-s-n ]nSp-w, On, AXn-km-cw, hmX-]n--I-^m--I-amb a\w-]n-c, Xe-Np-d-d, ]npwt]bpw ]d-bp-I, Cmcq]-sf ImWp-I, XrWw, `kvaw, hn, Ce-s]mSn Ch-I-fm icocw\nd--Xm-bpw, ]n-I-fm B{I-an--s--Xm-bpw, {`m-t\-tmse Bb-Xmbpw ZpxJn-p--Xm-bpw, A{]-i-kvX--fm-b-h-tbbpw kz]v\w-Im-WpI Ch-sbmw aZm-Xy-b-ns e-W--fm-Ip-p.

kt-a-Zm-Xybw hnZym {XntZm-j-a-[n-Ip bw
tZmjw aZm-Xy-tb-]-tiy XamZu {]Xn-Im-c-tb
I^-m-\m\p ]qymhm {Inbm-Imcym aZm-Xytb
]n-am-cpX ]cyw {]mtb-Wln aZm-Xybx
39

Fm aZm-Xy-bhpw {XntZm-jm-[n-Iy-ap--Xm-sW-nepw GXv tZmj-ns e-W-s-bmWv aZm-XybtcmKw an-hmdpw ]nhpw hmXhpw A[n-I-am-bnv Ah-km-\n-p--Xm-Ip-p.

anym-Xn-lo\ ]otX-\tbm hym[n-cp-]-Pm-btX
kay-Iv]o-tX\ tXss\h k atZy-t\m-]-im-ay-Xn.
40

anym-tbm-Kw, AXn-tbm-Kw, lo\-tbmKw Cuhn[-N IpSn-paZyw-\n-anw GXv aZm-Xy-b-tcmKwDm-Ip-pthm BtcmKw kay-tKym-K-ambn IpSn-p BaZy-mXs ian-p--Xm-Wv.

Pom-a-a-Zy-tZm-jmb aZy-ta-h-{]-Zm-]-tb
{]Imw-m-em-L-th-Pm-tX-X bkvssa-lnXw `th
kuh-em\p kwhn-w-ioXw k hnU-ssk-hw
amXpepw Km{Z-tIm-t]Xw Pe-bpw {]am-W-h.
41

Ba-am-bn-p aZy-tZmjw Zln-p-I-gn-m Blm-c-ntem AYhm aZy-ntem B{K-l-ap-m-hp-Ibpw ico-c-n\v eLp-Xz-ap-m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXm Ah\v GXv aZy-amtWm lnX-am-bn-p--Xv B aZyw sImSp--Ww. B aZy-n Xphn-e-D-v, hnf-bp-v, Cp-v, amX-fn-\m-c--bpsS ckw, Cn Ch tNp DNn-X-am-{X-bn sImSp--Ww. aZm-Xybw ian-pw.

XovtWm-jvtW-\mXn amt{XW ]ntX-\mavf hnZm-ln\m
atZy-\m--c-tkmttZm hnZKv mc-Xmw-KXx
Am-lw-Pzcw XrjvWmw {]tamlw hn{`-aw-aZw
P\-b-Xymip Xmssy aZy-tah {]tbm-P-tb
mtcm-ln-bmXn am[pcyw io{L-a-avtfm] kwlnXx
t{ijvT-a-avtfjp aZy--ssb KpssW-kvXm {]h-ytX
42

IqSp-X XovtWmjvW KpW-ap-Xpw IqSp-X-embn ]m\w sNbvXXpw Dp-gp-p-mn ]pfn-p-t]m-Ip kz`m-h-ap--Xp-amb aZyw\nanw tZm-h--bn-en-cn-p--Xmb A-ckw B\ne-bn\np ]pgp-In -mcmhsb {]m]n-p-\n-p-sImv DnNpp-\o-d Pzcw, Zmlw, tamlm-ekyw Xe-Np-d-daZw Chsb W-n Dm-p--Xm-Ip-p. Ch-bpsS ia-\-n-\mbn aZyw-Xs {]tbm-Kn--Ww. ImcWw mc-am-Is A-tmSp IqSn-tm DSs\ a[p-c-am-bn-o-cp--Xm-Wv. aZyw A-c-k-{Z-hy--fnshp t{ij-ivT-am-bn-p--Xm-Wv. B KpW-t{i-jvT-Xsb hnh-cn-p-X-cmw. (C-hnsS aZy-nstZmjw aZyw-sIm-p-Xs Fns\ ian-p-p. Fp--Xns bpnsb BWv hnh-cn-p--Xv. AXm-b-Xv A-c-k-{]-[m-\-amb aZywhn]m-I-n mc-ambn ]cn-W-an-p-p. Ijm-c-tmSv AwtNcp-tm a[p-c-ambn]cn-W-an-p--Xp-am-Wv. AXp-sImv am{X-\n--b-tm-Sp-IqSn hopwIgn-p--Xmb aZywAXns A-c-k-{]-[m-\-X-sImv mc-hp-am-bn-t-cp-tm a[p-c-Xsb{]m]n-p-p. An-s\-bmWv aZy-n-s-tZmjw aZyw-sImv ian-p--Xv.)

aZy-kymavf kz`m-hky NXzmtcm ƒ\p-kcmx kvarXmx
a[p-c Ijm-b ISp-I-kvXn GhN
KpWm--Zi ]qtm-m-kvtX--XpZi `nKpssWx
ktjmw aZy-a-avfm-\m-ap-]-cyp-]cn h-tX.
43

aZy-ns A-kz-`m-h-n\v a[p-cw, Nhv, Fcn-hv, Ibv]v Fo \mev A\p-c-k- IqSn-bpv apv ]d 10--Kp-W-fpw Cu ]d 4-Kp-W-fpw IqSn 14--Kp-W--tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb aZyw Fm A-{Z-hy--fnepw shv t{ijvT-amb A-{Z-hy-am-Ip-p.

atZymn-jvtS\ tZmtjW {Ipx t{kmX-p-am-cpXx
thZ\mw IpcptX Xo{hmw-incx kznjp knjp
hnjy--\mw tZmjky Xky-aZyw hnti-jXx
hyhmbn XovtWm-jvW-Xbm tZb-a-t-jp-kkz]n
t{kmtXm hn_--\paZyw amcp-X-kym-\p-tem-a\w
tcmN\w Zo]-\-m-t-c-`ym-kym kmy-ta-hN
DIcx t{kmXx kpip-tjp amcptX Nm\p-tem-antX
\nht hnIm-cm imay-Xyky atZm-Zbx.
44

aZyw-sImv Dt-i-cq-]-n-ep tZmj-m hmbp t{kmtXm-am--fn {Ip-am-bn-\nv inc-nepw An-k-n-I-fnepw AXn-I-Tn-\-amb thZ-\-Isf Dm-p--Xm-Ip-p. A{]-Imcw atZymn-jvS-amb tZmj-ns {Zho-I-cn-p-sIm-p hn{km-h-W-n-\m-bn, A--fnshp t{ijvT-am-b-Xm-sW-nepw hyhm-bn--Xo-vW--DjvW KpW--fp--Xm-b-Xp-sImv aZyw Xs hnti-jnpw sImSp-t--Xm-Wv. aZyw t{kmtXm-am--fpsS XS-s Xop-Xpw hmbp-hns\ A\p-tem-a-am-p-Xpw cpNnsb hn-n-p-Xpw An Zo]vXnsb Dm-p-Xpw A`ym-kw-sImv kmy-am-bn-Xs Xocp--Xp-am-Wv. DNn-X-amb aZy-]m-\w-sImv Dcpw t{kmX-p-Ifpw ip-am-hp-Ibpw hmbp A\p-tem-a-am-hp-Ibpw sNbvXm incx-iq-emZn hnIm-c- Cm-Xm-hp-Ibpw aZm-Xybw ian-p-Ibpw sNpw.

_oP-]q-cI hrmavf tIme-Zm-Una kwbpXw
bam-\o-l-]p-jm-PmPo irwK-th-cmh NqnXw
kkvt\sslx kp-`n bp-a-h-Zw-ssi-n-tcm-nXw
ZZym ke-h-Ww-aZyw ss]jvSnIw hmX-im--tb.
45

sNdp-\m-c-, ac-p-fn, e-m-b, Ddp-am-gw Ch-bpsS ckw-tNpw Ab-tam-Z-Iw, AS-m-a-Wn-b, Poc-Iw, Npv Ch-bpsS Nqw-tNpw s\v tNaesmSn Iqnbpw imen-j-jvSn-Im-Zn-I-tf-sm-p-m-nb ]g-InbaZyw Dpw tNpw hmX-a-Zm-Xyb ia-\-n-\mbn sImSp--Ww.

ZrjvSzm hmtXm_-Ww-enwKw cssk-ss-\-ap-]m-N-tc
emh-Xn-ncn ZmWmw kv\nKvm-amssf inJn-\m-a]n
]oWmw arK-akym-\m-am-\q-]m-\m kwkvIrssXx
`qi-b-{]-k-lm-\m--csskx imteym-Z-t\-\-N.
46

aZm-Xy-b-n hmX-{]-[m-\-ambe-W-sf t\mn-bnv emh--n, Xnn-cn-n,tImgn, abn Ch-bpsSamwk-c-k-n s\pw ]pfn-c-khpwtNpw B\q-]-Po-hn-I-fmb ]n-I-fp-tSbpw arK--fp-tSbpw ay--fp-tSbpw amwk-ckw Npv, PocIwapX-em-bhtNp kwkvI-cnpw Kpl-bnhkn-p Pohn-I-fp-tSbpw lnw{k-Po-hn-I-fp-tSbpw amwk-c-khpw sNs--cn-tmdpw sImSp--Ww.

kv\nKvtmjvW eh-Wm-avssf--th-i-hm-tc apJ-{]ssbx
kv\nKvss[tKm-[q-a-ssI-m-ss\y hmcpWo aWvU-an-{inssXx
knXm-am{ZI K`m`nx kv\nKvm`nx ]p]-hn`nx
amj-]q-]-en-Im-`n hmXnIw kap-]m-N-tc
47

kv\nKv-ambpw DjvW-ambpw eh-Wm ck--tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw hmbvp ck-ap--Xp-amb thi-hm-c--tf-smpw hmcp-Wo-a-Zy-ns sXfn-tbm-Sp-IqSn D]-tbm-Kn-p--Xmb s\v tNv tKmX-p-sIm-p-m-p \m\m-hn[ ]Zm--tf-sImpw ]-km-cbpw Cnbpw Dn \ndp Xncn-t]m-se-bmn s\n Nps-Sp-p A--tf-smpw Dgp-vsIm-p-m-p A--tf-smpw hmX-a-Zm-Xy-tcm-Knsb D]-N-cn--Ww.

\mXn-kv\n-KvZ-ss[ \ Nmavtf-\-knw kan-Nm-{ZIw
tayw {]I-Sn-Xw-amwkw ZmUn-a-ky-c-tk\ hm
]rYIv {XnPm-X-I-tIm-t]Xw km[m-\y-acn Nm{ZIw
ck-{]-te-l-bq-ssj kptJmjvssWx kl-Zm-]-tb
`t-\-hm-cp-Wo-aWvUw ZZym ]mXpw ]n]m-kth
ZmUn-a-ky-ckw hm]n Pew hm]m--aq-enIw
[m\y-\m-K-c-tXmbw hm Z[n-a-WvU-a-Ym-]nhm
Aavf-Im-nI aWvUw hm iptm-ZI aYm-]nhm
I-Wm-X\ knt\ hnIm-c-D-]-im-ayXn
am{Xm-Ime {]bp-t\ _ew-h h-tX.
48

sImgp-p-IqSp-X-ep amwkwIq-Sp-X s\v tNm-tXbpw ]pfn-ckwtNm-tXbpw Ipcp-ap-fIpw Cnbpw tNv ]mIwsNbvXpw AYhm Ddp-am--g-ns ckw-tNp ]mIw-sNbvXpw AYhm Ge--cn, Ce-hw-Kw, ]neChbpw sIm-m-e-cn, Ipcp-ap-f-Iv, Cn ChbpwtNp {]tXyIw ]mIw-sNbvXpw sNdp-Nq-tSm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-te-ly-{]m-b-n-ep amwk-c-khpw [m\y-bq-jhpw IqnhmX-a-Zm-Xy-b-n sImSp--Ww. hmX-a-Zm-Xy-b-tcm-Knv Zml-ap-s-n DuWn\v hmcpWoaZy-ns sXfn-shw IpSn-p-hmsImSp--Ww. AYhm Ddp-am--g-ns kzc-ktam sNdp-]--aqew Ijmbwshs-Sp shtam Nppw sIm-m-e-cnbpw Iqn-sh Ijm-b-sh-tam ssXcns sXfn-sh-tam ]pfn ImSn-bpsSsXfn shtam ip-P-etamIpSn-p-hm sImSp--Ww. DNn-X-amb am{X-bnepw bp-ambka-bpw {]tbm-Kn--s-Sp--Xm-bm Cu]d kn-amb NnIn--sImv hmX-a-Zm-Xyb hnImcwian-p--Xm-Ip-p. am{X-a ico-c-_-ehpw h-{]-km-Zhpw hn-p--Xp-am-Ip-p.

cmK-jm-Uh kwtbm-ssK hnhn-ss[ `-tcm-Nss\x
]ninssXx imI-]n-jvSmssx n]vssX tKm[q-a-im-en`nx
A`yw-tKmkm-Z\ kv\mss\-cpjvssW {]h-c-ssWLss\x
Lss\-c-Kp-cp-]-ss [qss]m Kpcp-ssPLss\x
\mcoWmw bu-t\m-jvWm\mw \n-ssb-cp-]-Kp-lss\x
t{imWyp-ap-Ip-N-`m-ssc kwtcm-t[mjvW kpJ-{]ssZx
amcp-X-{]-_ex io{Lw {]im-ayXn aZm-Xybx
49

`-W-n\v cpNn-bp-m-p--Xmb \m\m-hn-[-n-ep Nn-Wn, Am-dv, amwkw, Ce-dn Ch-tbm-Sp-IqSn Ign-p Acn-sm-Sn-sImpw tKmX-p-sImpw sN--cn-sImpw Dm-p Blm-c--tf-smpw sagp-np Xncp-n-Ip-fn-p--Xp-sImpw NqSp-Xpw In-bp--Xp-amb ]pX-p-I-tf-smpw AIn Ac-s-Spp In-bnte-]\w sNp--Xp-sImpw In-bp AIn-ensc ]pdw-sIm-pw, sbuh\w-sImv NqSp--hcpw henb \nXw-_hpw XpS-Ifpw IpN-fpw D-h-cw-amb \mcn-I-tf-smv Bm-Z\w sNp-I-\n-anw NqSp-m-p--Xmb \n-bhpw kpJ-{]-Z-hp-amb Benw-K-\--tf-sm-pw, NqSp--Xmb InS-bpw hncnpw D]-tbm-Kn-p--Xp-sIm-pw, kpJ-amb NqSp Dap-dn-bn Xma-kn-p--Xp-sImpw hmXm-[n-Iy-ap aZm-Xy-b-tcmKw W-n ian-p--Xm-Ip-p.

aZyw-Jq-c-ar-ZzoIm ]pcq-j-I-c-ssk-cypXw
kZm-Un-a-c-kw-ioXw kp-`nivNmh NqnXw
k icw hmam-[zoI kwbq--a-Y-hm-]cw
ZZym-Zv_-lq-ZIw Imte-]mXpw ]n-a-Zm-Xy-tb.
50

]nm-[n-Iy-amb aZm-Xy-b-n Zml-ap ka-bv aZy-n Cu--gw, apn-cn-, Nnd-do-n]-gw, Ddp-am-gw Ch-bpsS ckw-tNp XWp-np aesm-Snbpw tNp IpSn-p-hm sImSp--Ww. AYhm apn-cn--sIm-p-m-n-btX AXp-t]m-ep addv aZytam ]-kmc tNpw [mcmfw shw tNpw IpSn-p-hm sImSp--Ww.

iim I]n-RvP-em-t\-Wm emhm-\-knX ]p-Im
a[p-cm-avfm {]bp-RvPoX t`mPt\ imen-j-jvSn-Im
]tSm-e-bq-j-an{iw hm OmKew I]-tb-{Zkw
kXn-\-ap-ZvK-an{iw hm Z Unam-a-em-Im-\znXw
{Zmm-a-e-I-Jqc ]cq-j-I-c-tk\ hm
Iev]-tb X-Wm bqjm ckmw hnhn-[m--Im.
51

]n-a-Zm-Xy-b-tcmKn apb, Xnn-cn--n, am, ez-n, Idp--am Ch-bpsS amwk-ckw a[p-chpw ]pfnbpw tNp sNs--cn-bp-tSbpw \h-c-b-cn-bp-tSbpw `-W-n tNp-]-tbm-Kn--Ww. AYhm Bnsc amwk-ckw ]tSm-e-bqjw tNtm aew-I-S-e, sNdp-]-bdv Ch-bpsS bqjw-tNtm Ddp-am--g-n-t-bpw, s\n--bp-sSbpw kzckw tNtm D]-tbm-Kn--Ww., AYhm apn-cn-, s\n-, Cu--gw, Nnd-do-n]gw Ch-bpsS kzc-k-ntem hnhn[ hn[-n-ep [m\y-bq-j--fntem amwk-c-k--fntem aesmSn tNp-]-tbm-Kn--Ww.

Bam-i-b--apnjvSw I^-]nw aZm-Xytb
hnmb _lp-tZm-jky XrUzn-Zm-lm-\zn-X-kyN
aZyw-{Zmm ckw-tXmtb ZXzm-X-W-tah hm
\ntjw hma-tb--Yo-{L-tahw tcmKm-Zw-hn-ap-NytX
52

aZm-Xy-b-n tZmj-IqSp-X-ep--h\pw Xr-Uzn-Zm-l--fp--h\pw Bam-i-b-n Cf-In-qSn\nevp I^-]n--sf a\-n-em-n-bn-v sh-naZyhpw apn-cn--bpsSckhpw tNpsImSptm AYhm h-naesm-Sn-am{Xw sImSp-Xtm tZmj-sf\ntjw On-n--Ww. C{]-Imcw sNbvXm aZm-Xy-tcm-K-n\nv W-nXs tamNn-p--Xm-Ip-p.

Imte-]p-\-kvX-W {Iaw-Ip-cym {]Imw-ntX
tX\m-n Zo]ytX Xky tZmj-ti-jm ]mNIx
53

ha-\m-\-cw hni-p-m-hp-Ibpw Blm-c-Im-e-am-hp-Ibpw sNbvXm BZyw aesmSn sImSp-p-Ibpw ]noSv t]bm-Zn-{Iaw ioen-p-Ibpw sN-Ww. C{]-Imcw sNp--Xp-sImv Ahs PT-cmn Zo]vX-am-hp-Ibpw Zpjnp tijn-n-cn-p As ]Nn-n-p-Ibpw NsX-p--Xm-Ip-p.

Imtk kc \njvTo th]miz kvX\-cp-P-Zm-kp-NX
XrjytX khn-Zm-tl-N-tkmtti lrZ-tbm-ckn
KpUpNo `{Z-ap-kvXm\mw ]tSm-e-kym-Y-hm-`n-jIv
ckw k\m-Kcw ZZym ssXnsscx {]Xn-t`m-P-\w.
54

cwXpp--Xmb Npabpw hmcn---bnepw kvX\--fnepw thZ-\bpw hnZm-l-tm-Sp-Iq-Snb XoZm-lhpw lrZ-b-n\pw Dc-n\pw Dt-Zhpw Ds-N Nnd-d-arXpw s]cp-ap---bpw-IqSnsh Ijm-btam Imp-]-tSm-e-ns kzc-ktam sshZy sImSp--Ww. Ah-bn Npvs]mSn tNp-IbpwthWw. Xnn-cn--n-bpsS amwk-c-khpwIqnanX-ambn Dp-Ibpw thWw.

XrjytX NmXn _e-h-ZvhmX ]n kap-th
ZZym-{m-m-ckw ]mXpw ioXw tZmjm-\p-tem-a\w
PotN a[p-cm-avtf\ OmK-amw-k-c-tk-\Xw
t`mP\w t`mP-tb aZy-a-\p-Xj ]mb-tb
A\p-Xjky am{Xmkm bbmt\m l\ytX a\x
XrjytX aZy-a]mev]w {]tZbw kymZv_-lq-ZIw
XrjvWm-tb-t\m-]-im-tay-X-aZw tb\ N \m]v\p-bm
55

hmX-]n-- IqSp-X-embn hn-p-I-bm AXn-I-e-i-embn Zml-ap--h\v XWp-p-Xpw tZmj-sf t\sc-bm-p--Xp-amb apn-cn-m-ckw IqSn-m sImSp-Ww AXv Zln-m Ahs\ a[p-cm {Zhy- tNp kwkvI-cn Bnamw-k-ckw Iqn Blmcw Ign-n--Ww. Blm-c-k-a-bv Zml-ap-s-n aZyw A\p-]m-\-ambn IpSn-n-p-I-bpw-th-Ww. A\p-]m-\-ambn IpSn-p aZy-ns am{X-sImv at\m-hym-]mcw \in-p-t]m-I-cp-Xv. aZm-Xyb tcmKnv Zml-ap-m-Ip-tm-sgmw A[nIw shw-tN aZyw Aev]m-ev]-ambn sImSp--Ww. CXp-sImv Zmlw ian-p--Xm-sW-n aZw Dm-Ip--X-.

]cq-j-i-ImWmw ]oeq\mw ckw ioX-a-Ymw-_phm
]n-\o\mw NX-krWmw ]nt_Zv hm ioXfw Pew
apZvK ZmUn-a-em-Pm\mw XrjvWmLv\w hm ]nt_-Zv ckw
tIme-Zm-Una hrmavf Np{InIm Np{In-Im-ckx
]m-avf-tIm-ap-Jm-te]x kZy-kvXrjvWmw \nbXn
56

AYhm Zml-n\v Nnd-do-nIm-b-I-fpsS ioX-f-I-jm-btam DI-a-c-m-b-I-fpsS ioX-f-I-jm-b-tam, Imp-gp-nth-cv, Imp-]-b-dnIn-g-v, Hmcn-e-th-cv, aqhn-e-th-cv, Ch-bpsS ioX-f-I-jm-btam kz`m-th-\-Xs ioX-f-am-bn-cn-p ip-P-etam IpSn--Ww. AYhm sNd-p-]-b-dv, Ddp-am-gw, aecv Ch-sImv bYm-hn[n Dm-nb ckhpw Zml-i-a-\-n-\mbn IpSn--Ww. ]m--I-amb e--gw, Ddp-am--gw, ac-p-fn, ]pfn-bm-c, ]nW-pfn Ch-bpsS ckw hmbn te]\w sNbvXm Zmls DSs\ ian-n-p--Xm-Ip-p.

ioXm\n Nm-]m-\m\n ioX-i-m-k-\m\n N
ioX-hm-X-P-e-kv]imx ioXm-\yp-]-h-\m-\nN
ua ]tm-ev]-em-\m aWo\mw auI-Xn-I-kyN
N-t\m-ZI ioXm\mw kv]im--{mwip ioXfmx
tla-cm-PX Imwkym\mw ]m{XmWmw ioX-hm-cn`nx
]qm\mw lna-]qm\mw ZrXo\mw ]h-\m-lXx
kwkv]im---\m{ZmWmw kv{XoWmw-]n aZm-Xytb
inX-hocyw bZ-\y Xkw hn\n-tbm-P-tb
Pe-b-{mWn hjmWn hmX-b-{-h-lm-\nN
Iev]-\o-bm\n `njPm Zmtl-[m-cm-Kr-lm-Wy]n
]cn-tjIm hKm-tljp hyP-\m-\m tkNt\
ikytX inincw tXmbw XrjvWm tZmtlm-]-im--tb.
57

]n-a-Zm-Xy-b-n ioX-ho-cy-ap--Xmb A-]m-\-fpw ioX-f-amb hmbp-hn-tbpw Pe-n-tbpw kv]i-\-fpw ioX-f-amb tXm-, ]p-h-kv{Xw, sh-m-a-c, \oe-m-ac Ch-bpsS ioX-f-kv]i-\-fpw N\w Xb-p-tN shw-sImv \\ app-a-Wn-I-fpsS N{-In-cW kZr-i-amb ioX-f-kv]i-\-fpw XWp shw-\n-d kzw, shn, HmSv Fo ]m{X--fpsS kv]i-\-fpw sFkv \nd tXmkvNn-bpsS kv]i-\-fpw in-bm-b-Sn-p Imd-dns kv]i-\-fpw N\w te]\w sNbvXp \\ kv{XoI-fpsS kv]i-\-fpw ]n-a-Zm-Xy-b-n \-Xm-Ip-p. ioX-ho-cy-ap atddm-sXmw hkvXp--fptm Ah-sbmw ]n-a-Zm-Xy-b-nU D]-tbm-Kn-p-Xv \-Xm-Wv. Npp-\o-d-ep--XnU shw hjn-p b{w,k Imddv hoip b{w (]-) Ir{Xn-a-ambn shw Hgp-Ip apdn (Ip-fn-ap-dn) Ch D]-tbm-Kn-p-hm sshZy \nt-in--Ww. ]n-a-Zm-Xy-tcm-Kn-bpsS XoZm-lhpw Npp-\o-depw ian-p-hm-\mbn Ipfn-p-hm\pw apn-bn-cp-p-hm\pw hoip hni-dn-\-\-p--Xn\pw kzXth ioX-f-amb Pew D]-tbm-Kn-p-Xv \-Xm-Wv.

^en-\o-tem-{-tk-hymw_p tla-]{Xw IpS-Sw
Imeo-b-I-c-tkm-t]Xw Zmtl-ikvXw {]te-]\w
Ipap-tZm-ev]e ]{XmWmw knm\mw N-\mw-_p\m
lnXx kv]tim at\m-m\mw Zmtl-a-Zy-k-ap-n-tX.
58

Rmhq-hv, ]mtm-d-dn-tm-ev, cma-w, Ccp-th-cn, \mK-q-hv, ]n-e, Ibn-ap--, N\w Ch ip-P-e-n-e-cp kmwKw te]-\w-sN-p-Xv aZm-Xy-b-n-ep-m-Ip km-]-n {]i-kvX-am-b-Xm-Ip-p. N\w tN shw-sImv \\ B, \oe-m-ac Ch-bpsS at\m-l-c-amb Ce-I-fpsS kv]i\w aZm-Xyb-n-ep-m-Ip Fcn-s]m-cn-bn \-Xm-Ip-p.

IYm hnhn-[m-n{Xmx i_vZm inJn-\mw-ip`mx
tXmb-Zm-\m kwi_vZm \mi-bn aZm-Xybw
_Zco ]-thm- bss-hm-cn-jvS-tIm-hx
t^\n-em-bm-bx t^\-kvssXZmtl te]\w lnXw
59

Pem-i-b--fpsS ]e-am-Xncn IY-I, abn-ep-I-fpsS ip`-I-c-amb i_vZ-, taL--fpsS K\w Ch aZm-Xy-bs \in-n-p--Xm-Ip-p. e-bpsS Ce ImSn-sh--n CSn-nv IS-m-ep-m-Ip \pc-sImpw AXp-t]mse thn-e-sImpw \pc-I-fp-m-Ip addv Huj-[--fpsS Ce-sImpw Dm-p \pc-I-tf-smpw tZl-n te]\w sNp-Xv aZm-Xy-bw-sIm-p-m-Ip Fcn-s]m-cn-bn \-Xm-Ip-p.

kpcm-k-aWvUm Zyavfw amXp-fpw-K-c-tkm-a[p
tktI-{]-tZ-tl-i-ky-t-Zm-lLv\mx kmavf-Im-nImx
I-Wm-t\\ knt\ hnImc D]-im-ayXn
[oatXm sshZy-h-iy-ky-io{Lw ]n-a-Zm-Xybx.
60

kpc, kpc-bp-sS-sX-fn, ]pfn-NXvN ssXcv, amX-fn-\m-c--bpsS ckw, tX, ]pfn--ImSn Ch-sbmw aZm-Xy-n-ep-m-Ip km-]-i-a-\-n-\mbn tZl-n \\-p-hm\pw {]te-]\w sNp-hm\pw \-Xm-Ip-p. Cu ]d ^e-{]-Z-amb NnIn--sImv sshZy ]d--Xp-t]mse A\p-k-cn-p _pn-am-\m-b-hs ]n-a-Zm-Xyb hnImcw W-n ian-p--Xm-Ip-p.

Dt-J-t\m-]-hm-km`ymw Ptb I^-a-Zm-Xybw
XrjytX ken-e-mkvssa ZZymZv {lot_-c-km-[nXw
_embm ]riv\o-]ymhm I-Im-cym-Y-hm-irXw
k\m-K-cm`nx km-`nPew hm irX-io-Xfw
Zpxkv]ti\ kap-kvtX\ irXw-]-S-tI\ hm
Pew-apkvssXx irXw-hm]n ZZymZv tZmj-hn-]m-N-X\w
GX-tZ-hN ]m\obw k-{Xm]n aZm-Xytb
\nc-Xybw ]ob-am\w ]n]-tkm-Pzc \mi-\w.
61

I^-a-Zm-Xy-bs ha-\w-sImpw D]-hm-kw-sImpw Pbn--Ww. XoZm-l-ap-s-n Ccp-th-cn-tbm, Ipdp-tm-n-th-tcm, aqhn-e-th-tcm, I-Im-cn-p--thtcm Cp Xnf-np XWn shw sImSp--Ww. AYhm Ch-sb-mw-IqSn Nppw tNp Ijmbw shp XWn shw sImSp-p-Ibpw sNmw. AYhm sImSn-q-h-thcpw ap-bpw IqSn sh Ijm-btam ]-S-Iw-sIm-p-sh Ijm-btam ap--am-{X-ambn sh Ijm-btam sImSp--Ww. CXv tZmj-sf ]Nn-n-p--Xp-am-Ip-p. bmsXm-c-]m-b-hp-an-m Cu ]d ]m\o-b--sf-mw-Xs Fm-hn[ aZm-Xy-b--fnepw IpSn--s-Sp--Xm-bm XoZm-lhpw Pzchpw ian-p--Xm-Ip-p.

\ncmaw ImwnXw Imte ]mb-tbZv _lp-am-nIw
icw a[phm Po-a-cnjvSw ko[p-tah hm
cqw XW kwbpw bhmw hm {]Zm-]-tb
thymj-bq-j-a-Ymavfw hm knw hmkm-avf-th-Xkw
OmK-amw-k-ckw cq-aavfw hmPmw-K-e-cwkw
meym-aY I]mte hm `rjvSw \oc-k-hnXw
ISz-avf-e-h-Ww-amwkw `-b hrWp-bma-[p.
62

Ba-tZm-j-an-m aZm-Xy-b-tcmKn shw IpSn--W-sa-m-{K-ln-p ka-bv [mcmfw tX tN shw sImSp--Ww. AYhm ic tN sh-tam, ]g-Inb tXt\m Acn-jvS-tam, ko[p-a-Zytam (I-cn-n\o-cvsIm-p-m-nb aZyw) sImSp--Ww. Blm-c-n B{K-l-ap-s-n Ch-tbm-Sp-IqSn kvt\l-{Zhyw tNm aesm-Sntbm bhw-sIm-p-m-nb Atam AYhm Npv, Ipcp-ap-f-Iv, Xn-en, Chtbm ]pfn-c-ktam tNp-m-nb [m\y-bq-j-tam, ]pfn-h-n-mb tNp-m-nb amwk-c-k-tam, kvt\l-{Zhyw tNmsX cqX hcpn ]pfn-ckw tNp-m-nb PmwK-e-amw-k-c-ktam sImSp--Ww. Bn amwktam PmwK-e-amw-ktam Dcp-fn-bnse a]m-{X-ntem ]dpp shw hd-dn-s-Spp Fcphpw ]pfnbpw Dpw tNp `n--Ww. A\p-]m-\-ambn tX IpSn-p-Ibpw thWw. (A-Yhm a[p-aZyw IpSn--Ww.)

hy-am-co-N-Iw-amwkw amXp-epw-K-c-km-bpXw
{]`q-X-I-Sp-kw-bpw bam-\o-\m-K-cm-\znXw
bh-tKm-[q-a-I-mw cqw bqtj-W-t`m-P-tb
Ie-m-\m ipjvImWmw aqe-Im\mw ctk\ hm
`rjvSw ZmUn-a-km-cmavf aZvK-b-bqjw bhm-jvSaw
bYmn `-tbImte {]`q-Xm{Z-I-t]-jnXw
]nt_ \nK-Zw-aZyw I^-{]mtb aZm-Xy-tb.
63

IqSp-X Ipcp-ap-fIv tNp \-hw Fcnhv ck-tm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw amX-fn-\m-c--bpsS ck-tm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw Poc-Ihpw Nppw-tNpw hdp-s-Sp amwkhpw I^-a-Zm-Xy-b-nU \-Xm-Ip-p. bh-n-ttbm tKmZ--n-ttbm tNmdv kvt\l-{Zhyw tNmsX cqX hcpn apXn-c-bpsS bqjw Iqntbm DW-nb ap-n-bpsS ckw Iqntbm DWw. Ddp-am--g-ns ckw tNp ]mIw-sNbvX sNdp-]-b-dns bqjw AXns Fn-cn bhw hdp-Xpw [mcmfw Cn Ac-Xpw tNp An-_-e-n--\p-k-cnp `-W-n\v B{K-l-ap ka-bv `n--Ww. A\p-]m-\-ambn apv ]d-b-s tZmj-c-ln-X-amb aZyw IpSn-p-Ibpw thWw. I^-{]-[m-\-amb aZm-Xy-b-n Ch-sbmw \-Xm-Ip-p.

kuh-e-a-Pm-PoN hrmavfw kmavf-th-Xkw
XztK-em-a-cn-Nmmwiw icm `mK-tbm-PnXw
GX--h-W-a-jvSmw-K-an ko-]\w ]cw
aZm-Xytb I^-{]mtb ZZymt{kmtXm hntim-[\w
GX-tZh ]p\bp-ym a[pcmavssf {Zhn-IrXw
tKm[q-am bhm-m\mw amwkm\mw NmXn-tcm-N-\w.
64

Xphn-e-D-v, Poc-Iw, hmf]pfn ]pfn-h-n-mb Ch Hmtcm-`m-Kw, Ce-hw-Kw, Ge--cn, Ipcp-ap-fIv Ch Hmtcmpw ]Ip-Xn-`m-Kw, ic Hcp-`mKw ChsbmwIqSn tNp-m-p Cu AjvSmw-K-e-h-W-tbmKw (N--n) Gd-dhpw An-Zo-]vXnsb Dm-p--Xm-Ip-p. CXv I^m-[n-Iy-ap aZm-Xy-b-n sImSp--Ww. t{kmX-p-Isf ipn-h-cp-pw. Cu AjvSmw-K-e-h-Ww-Xs hopw bpn-t]mse a[p-c-{Z-hyhpw ]pfn-c-khpw tNp {Zho-I-cnp AXm-bXv Nn-Wn-bmn tKmX-p-N-tXm-dn\pw bh-tm-dn\pw amwk-n\pw Iqn D]-tbm-Kn-p--Xm-bm Gd-dhpw cpNn-{]-Z-am-bn-cn-p-Ibpw sNpw.

t]j-tb ISp-ssIbpmw tizXmw-_o-PZ hnhnXmw
arZzoImw amXp-epw-Kky ZmUn-aky ctk\ hm
kuh-sse-em-a-cnssN cPmPo `rwK-Zo-]yssIx
kcmKx u{Z-kw-bpx t{ijvtTm-tcm-N-\-Zo-]\x.
65

shfp apn-cn Ipcp-Ifp Aev]w Ipcp-ap-fIv tNp amXfn \mc--bpsS ck-ntem Ddp-am--g-ns ck-ntem Acp Xphne Dv, Ge-n-cn, Ipcp-ap-f-Iv, Poc-Iw, Ce-hw-Kw, Ab-tam-Z-Iw, Ch-bpsS Nqhpw tX\pw tNp-m-p--Xn\v cmKw (N-n-Wn) Fv ]d-bp-p. Cu cmKw cpNnsb hn-n-p-hm\pw Zo]-\-i-nsb hn-n-p-hm\pw t{ijvT-am-Ip-p.

arZzo-Imb hn[m-t\\ Ima-tb Imc-ho-e]o
ipw aky-WvUn--tIm-t]Xw cmKw-tcm-N-\-Zo-]\w
B{am-a-e-I-t]-ioWmw cmKm Ipcym ]rYIv ]rYIv
[m\y-ku-h-em-PmPo Imc-ho-a-cn-Nm-\zn-Xm
KptU\ a[p-ip-t\ hymavf a[p-cn-Ir-Xm
ssXcw cpNytX ZnKvw `pw kay-IvN-Po-cy-tX.
66

apn-cn--sImpmm ]d--Xp-t]m-se-Xs Icn-o-c-Iw-sImpw cmKw Dm--Ww. amX-fn-\m-c ck-n-stbm Ddp-am--g-c-k-n-ttbm m\v ipw tNpw tX\ns m\v aon i-c-tNpw Dm-p cmKw cpNn-tbbpw Zo]-\-i-n--tbbpw hn-n-p--Xm-Ip-p. tXmepw Anbpw If am-sImpw Ipcp-I-f s\n--sImpw {]tXyIw {]tXyIw cmK-sf Dm--Ww. Ch-bn sIm--e-cn, skuhe eh-Ww, Poc-Iw, Ipcp-ap-fIv Ch-bpsS Nqw tN-Ww. i-c-sImpw a[p-ip-w-sImpw hy-amb A-c-khpw a[p-c-c-khpw hcp-p-I-bpw-th-Ww. C{]-Im-c-sa-m-ap cmK- tNp-I-gn-p--Xmb Aw hfsc cpNn-bp--Xm-bn-cn-p-Ibpw th-Xp-t]mse Zln-p-Ibpw sNp--Xm-Ip-p.

cqm-avtf-\m--]m-t\\ tkmjvtW\ inin-tc-Whm
hymbm-a-ew-L-\m-`ym bpym-Pm-K-c-tW-\-N
Ime-bp-t\ cqtW kv\mt\-t\m-Zz-t\-\-N
{]mW-h Icm-Wm {]ljm-Wm tkhbm
tkhbm hk-\m-\m Kpcq-Wm-a-Kp-tcm-c-]n.
kIm-tamjvW kpJmw-Km-\m-aw-K-\m-\m tkhbm
kpJ-in-nX lkvXm\mw kv{XoWmw kwhm-l-t\-\-N
aZm-Xybx I^-{]mbx io{Lw kap-]-im-ay-Xn.
67

NqSp-tXm XWp-tXm Bb cq-Xz-ap-Xpw A-c-k-{]-[m-\-am-bn-p--Xp-amb A-]m-\--sf-sImpw bpn-]q-amb hymbm-aw, D]-hm-kw, Dd-sm-gn-b Ch-sImpw bp-amb ka-bv sNp cq-Xz-ap kv\m\w-sImpw taXn-cp-sImpw {]mW-_-e-tbpw h-{]-km-Z-tbpw Dm-p ktm-j-{]-Z-am-b.-h-I-fpsS D]-tbm-Kw-sImpw XSn hkv{X-nUsd D]-tbm-Kw-sImpw AIn-ens te]-\w-sImpw Ima-hn-Im-cw-sImv NqSp-Xpw kpJ-{]-Z-amb AwK--tfmSp IqSn-b-Xp-amb kv{XoI-fpsS Benw-K-\w-sImpw Adn-hp kv{XoI-fpsS ssIsImv kpJ-{]-Z-amb Xtem-SsImpw I^-{]-[m-\-amb aZm-Xybw W-n ian-p--Xm-Ip-p.

bZnZw I--\nnjvSw ]rY-IvtZm-jm_-Ww-{]Xn
kn-]m-tX-Z-i-hnt[ XZzn-I]w `nj-KznZm
b-tZmj hnI-ev]-tm-buj[ hnI-ev]-hn
kkm-ym km[-tbZv hym[o kmym-kmy hn`m-K-hn
68

Hmtcm tZmj-fpw tIm]n-p-m-Ip aZm-Xy-b-n\v {]tXyIw {]tXy-I-ambn bmsXmcp NnIn ChnsS ]d-b-s-pthm B NnIn--Xs hnZzm-\mb sshZy hyXym-k-s-Spn 10--hn-[-n-ep-m-Ip kn-]mX aZm-Xy-nepw sNt--Xm-Ip-p. (aqv tZmj-fpw lo\m-h--bn, aym-h--bn 3, B[n-Iym-h--bn 3, kam-h--bn 1-C-{]-Im-c-amWv 10--km-n-]m-XnI aZm-Xy-b-.) hmXm-Zn-tZm-j-t`-Z--tfbpw Huj-[-t`-Z--tfbpw kmym kmy-X-I-tfbpw bmsXmcp sshZy th-Xp-t]mse a\-n-em-p-pthm An-s\-bp--Xmb sshZy kmy-amb aZm-Xy-tcm-K-sf NnIn-n-p kmy-{]m-b-am-t--Xm-Wv.

h\m-\n-c-a-Wo-bm\n ]n\yx ken-em-ibmx
hni-Zm-\y--]m-\m\n klm-bm {]ljWmx
ameym\n K-tbm-Km hmkmwkn hnhn-[m-\nN
K-i_vZmx Imm tKmjvTy lrZ-b-{]nbm
kwI-jm-lmky ioXm\mw hni-Zm-ssh tbmP\mx
{]bm-m-\p-a-Xm-\mtcym \mi-bn aZm-Xy-bw.
69

kp-c-amb h\-, \ Xma-c-I-tf-smv tim`n-p--Xmb Pem-i-b-, hni-Z-amb A-]m-\- ktm-js Dm-p klm-bn-I, \ ]qam-e-I, N\w apX-em-b-h-sIm-p-m-p kpK {Zhy-, ]e-am-Xncn \n-e-h-kv{X-, \ kw-Ko-X-, lrZ-b-{]n-b-amb k`-I, amen-\y-an-m IY-]-d-b, lmkyw, kwKoXw Ch-I-fn tNc, {]nb-ap-Xpw btYjvSw {]hn-p--Xp-amb kmcn-I Ch-sbmw aZm-XybtcmKs \in-n-p--Xm-Ip-p.

\tm`yw lnat\m aZyw ico-c-a-h-l-XyN
Ipcyma-Zm-Xy.bw Xkvam-tZ-jvShym lj-Wo-{Inbx
B`nx {Inbm`nx knm`nx iaw-bmXn aZm-Xybx
\tNa-Zy-{Iaw apzm-n-c-aky {]tbm-P-tb.
70

aZy-am-Is a\-n\v tm`-ap-m-m-tX-bpw ico-c-n\v BLm-X-ap-m-m-tX-bpw aZm-Xy-bs Dm-p--X-. AXp-sImv aZm-Xy-b-n a\--tm-j-ap-m-p {]hn-I-sfmw \-Xm-Ip-p. Cu ]d ^e-{]-Z-amb NnIn--I-tf-smv aZm-Xybw ian-p-n-s-n aZy-ns D]-tbm-K-{Iaw Dt]-n-nv tcmKnsb ]mens D]-tbm-K-{Iaw ioennWw.

ewLss\x ]mN-ss\tZmj tim[ss\x ia-ss\-c]n
hna-K-Zyky It^-o-tW-PmtX Zu_-ey-em-Lth
Xky-aZy hnZ-Kvky hmX-]n-m-[n-I-kyN
{Kojvtam-]-X-]vXky XtcmYm hjw-X-Ym-]bx
]b-km-hn-l-tX-tcm-tK-_te PmtX-\n-h-tb
oc-{]-tbm-Kw-a-Zy {Ita-Wm-ev]m-ev]-am-N-tc.
71

aZyw Dt]-n-v aZm-Xy-b-tcm-Knv ewL-\--tf-smpw ]mN-\-{In-b-I-tf-smpw ha-\-hn-tc-N-\m-Zn-tZmj tim[-I-tf-smpw ia-\-Nn-Ink-I-tf-smpw I^w bn-p-Ibpw ico-c-n\v Zp_-e-Xbpw saenhpw Dm-hp-Ibpw sNbvXn-p--Xn aZyw-sImv ZKv-{]m-b-\m-bn-p--h\pw hmX-]n-m-[n-Iy-ap--h\pw ]m D]-tbm-Kn-p-Xv {Kojva-E-Xp-hn X]n--Xp-\n-evp hrI-kvj-n\v hjw F{]-Im-c-amtW A{]-Imcw kpJ-{]-Z-am-bn-cn-pw. ]mens D]-tbm-Kw-sImv aZm-Xybw ian-p-Ibpw _ew hop-In-p-Ibpw sNbvXm ]mens D]-tbmKw {Ia-n \np-Ibpw {ItaW aZyw-Xs Aev]m-ev]-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-p-Ibpw thWw.

hnn--aZyx kl-kmtbm AXn-aZyw \ntj-htX
[zwtkm-hn-t-]-I-ss-h-tcm-K-kvX-tkym-]-Pm-btX
hym[yp-]-o-W-tZ-lky Zpn-Inky-X-au-lnXu
XtbmenwKw NnInkmN bYm-h-Zp-]-tZ-y-tX.
72

aZywDt]-n--s bmsXm-cp-h s]sv IqSp-X-embnaZyw D]-tbm-Kn-p--Xm-bm Ah\v [zwk-I-tapw hnt-]-I-sa-p-aptcmK- Dm-Ip--Xm-Ip-p. Fm aZm-Xy-b-tcm-Kw sImv tZlwoWn--h\v Cucp tcmK-fpw Gd-dhpwZpn-Inky-am-bn-cn-p-Ibpw sNpw. [zwk-I-n-tbpw hnt-]-I-n-tbpwe-W-fpwNnInkbpwhn[n-{]-ImcwD]-tZ-in-p-X-cmw.

tjva-{]-tkIx IWvTm-ky-timjx i_vZm kln-jvWpXm
taml-kvX-{m-Xn-tbm-Km--tbw [zwk-I-e-Ww
lrIWvTx tcmKx ktmlx On-cw-K-cp-Pm-Pzcw
XrjvWm-Imkx incx iqe-ta-XZv hnt] e-dWw.
73

I^w Xpp-I, IWvThpw hmbphpw hc-fpI i_vZw tIp--Xn Ak-l-\o-b-Xv, _p-a-{_aw IqSp-X-emb aSn, Ch [zwkI e-W--fm-Ip-p. lrt{Zm-Kw, IWvT-tcm-Kw, t_m[--bw, On, AwK--fnth-Z-\, Pzcw, Zmlw, Imkw, Xe-th-Z\ Ch hnt] tcmK--fm-Ip-p.

Xtbmx I-X-tZ-thjvSw hmXn-tI-ba-Zm-Xytb
Xuln-{]-nW tZl-ky-P-tbXmw Zp_-e-kyssh
hkvXbx knjx ]m\w-{]-tbmKmx oc-kntjm
A`yw-tKmkm-Z\ kv\m\m-\y--]m-\ hmX-\p
[zwktIm hntI-jv]-ssh Im-ss\\ imay-Xx.
74

hmXnI aZm-Xy-b-n bmsXmcp NnInk ]d-b-s-pthm B NnInk-Xs [zwkI hnt-]-pw \-Xm-Ip-p. ImcWw CXv cpw icocw oWn--h\pw Zp_-e\pw Dm-Ip--Xm-b-Xp-sImv hmXs ian-n-p--Xm-b. hkvXn-{]-tbm-K-, kvt\l-]m-\w, ]mepw s\pw D]-tbm-Kn-, F-tXp Xncp-n-sm-p Ifn, hmXs ian-n-p--Xmb A-]m-\- Fo NnInk-I-tf-smv [zwkhpw hnt-]hpw ian-p--Xm-Ip-p.

bp-a-Zyky atZymtm \hym-[n-cp-]-Pm-btX
\nhrx k-a-tZy-t`ym-\-tcmbx kymn-tX-nbx
imco-c-am-\-ssk[o-am hnIm-ssc\ kbp-Py-tX.
75

hnln-X-amb hn[-n aZyw IpSn-p--h\v aZy-]m\w \nan--ap-m-Ip tcmK--sfmpw Dm-Ip--X-. ktmj km-]--fn-m-K im-\mb GsXmcp a\p-jy Fm-hn[ aZy-]m-\--fn \npw hnc-an-p-pthm B _pn-am aZy--tf-sm-p-m-Ip imco-cn-Ihpw am\-kn-I-hp-amb tcmK--tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\m-bn-o-cp--X-.

b{]-`mthm `K-hXo kpcm-t]-b-b-Ym-Nkm
b{-hym-b-kybm tNjvTm-bm-K-m-t]--tX-bYm
bYm-a-Z-b-tX-ssb KpssWbpm alm-KpWm
tbmatZm aZ-t`-Zm--tbm-{Xbx kzkz-e-Wmx
tbN-a-Zy-IrXm tZmjm-Kp-Wm-tbN aZm-Imx
bN-XvN-{Xn-hn-[-am-]m\w bYm-k-Xz eWw
tb klmbx kpJmx ]mt\ hncPy {]aZm \cmx
aZm-Xy-b-ky-tbm-tl-Xp eW bYm-bYw
aZywatZym-n-Xm tcmKv ln-b {Inbm-{Iax
kw XZp--a-Jnew aZm-Xyb NnInkn-tX.
76

aZyw-sImv Zp apX-em-b-hp-mb {]`m-h--tfbpw F{]-Im-c-amWv aZyw D]-tbm-Kn-t--sXpw GsXmw {Zhy--tfm-Sp-tNp aZyw D]-tbm-Kn--W-sapw GXn-s\-m-amWv aZyw lnX-sapw F{]-Im-c-amWv aZs Dm-p--sXpw alm-Kp-W--tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb aZyw GsXmw KpW-sf sNpp Fpw aZ-ns e-W-, aZ-ns aqv t`Z-, aqp t`Z--fpsS kzw e-W- Chbpw aZy-]m-\w-sIm-p-m-Ip tZmj--fpw, aZyw-sIm-p-m-Ip KpW-fpw aqp-hn-[-n-ep aZy-]m\ k`-I-tfbpw aZy]m-\n-bpsS at\m-Kp-W-n--\p-k-cn-p e-W--tfbpw aZy-]m-\-n klm-bn-t-p kpJ-{]-Z-amb klm-bn-Isf kw_-n-Xpw W-n aZ-ap-m-Ip--hsc kw_-npw aZm-Xy-b-ns Imc-W-epw e-W-fpw aZyw-sImv aZy-P-\y-amb tcmK-sf Fns\ ian-n-pp Fpw aZm-Xy-b-ns NnInkm-{I-a--tfbpw Fmw-Xs Cu aZmXy NnInkn-X-n ]q-ambn ]d-b-s-n-cn-p-p.

CXy-n-thi IrtX-Xt{ Nc-I-{]Xn kwkvIrtX ƒ
{]m]vtX-Zr-V-_e {]Xn-kw-kvIrtX NnIn-n-X-mt\
aZm-Xyb NnIn-nXw \ma NXphniw
ƒym-b.

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